@article { author = {Khalifa, Fares and Ahmed, Amal and Sadek, Mona and Abd El-Hamid, Amira}, title = {Comparative biochemical study of iron, zinc and copper status in healthy and diabetic rats fed diets containing antinutritional factor and sugar substitutes}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {1-14}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37480}, abstract = {The present work conducted to study some trace elements status (iron, zinc andcopper) in diabetic and healthy non-diabetic rats consuming balanced dietscontaining phytate (as a factor inhibiting minerals absorption) at a tested dose of 1g/100 g diet alone or incorporated with sorbitol or mannitol (as sugar substitutes) ata tested dose of 15 g/ 100 g diet. The experiment included 64 male albino rats whichwere classified into four healthy and four diabetic groups. To achieve theseobjectives, the present study included the following three main points (1)Determination of blood hemoglobin (Hb), erythrocytes superoxide dismutase activity(SOD), plasma glucose and ferritin levels. (2) Determination of catalase enzymeactivity and iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu) contents in liver. (3) Evaluation offecal levels of iron, zinc and copper. The results indicated that, the fecal levels of thestudied three measured trace elements were significantly higher in both healthy anddiabetic rats fed on different tested diets. Plasma glucose levels, erythrocytes SODand liver catalase activities showed marked improvements in diabetic rats consumedsorbitol or mannitol when compared to rats fed on diets containing phytate alone. Thepresence of sugar substitutes not affected significantly the levels of blood Hb andplasma ferritin. Antinutritional factor either alone or associated with sorbitol ormannitol reduced the storage levels of iron in liver. The tested sugar alcohols showedslight effects on zinc and copper.}, keywords = {copper,Diabetes rats,iron,Mannitol,Phytate,Sorbitol,zinc}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37480.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37480_f7a8582188748eeec81fa0422b84df67.pdf} } @article { author = {Ahmed, Osama and Elshihy, Osama and Shehab, Gaber and Gomaa, Anhar}, title = {Antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of ginkgo biloba leave extracts}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {15-30}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37486}, abstract = {The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro and the in vivoantioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba leave extracts. Qualitativeanalysis of different leaves extracts [ethanol 70% (Et), ethyl acetate (EA), and water(W)] revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, saponins, tannins,terpenes, and carbohydrates. The quantitative analysis of the leaves extracts revealedthat the Et extract contains the highest amounts of tannins, saponins, flavonoids andphenolic compounds. The EA extract contains higher amounts of flavonoids andphenolic compounds and lower amounts of tannins and saponins compared to the Wextract. The in vitro studies revealed that all the Ginkgo biloba leave extracts have ahigh antioxidant activity. The Et extract showed the highest activity followed by theEA extract then the W extract. Moreover, the in vivo studies revealed that all theGinkgo biloba leave extracts have hepatoprotective activity, which evidenced by theeffect of these extracts on the antioxidant enzymes activities [superoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), glutathione–S–transferase (GST)], theliver marker enzymes [alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST)and alanine transaminase (ALT)], the lipid peroxidation as well as inhibitory effectson nitric oxide (NO) release. The administration of these extracts significantlyrestored the elevated activities of the liver marker enzymes, and the antioxidantenzymes, which increase during hepatotoxicity. Also, they inhibit the release of NO.The treatment with the Et extract gave the best results for hepatoprotective effects.Moreover, the administration with this extract did not significantly affect the normalvalues of blood glucose (BG), total proteins (T.P), total lipids (T.L), total cholesterol(T.C), low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c and HDL-c). From thisstudy it can conclude that the treatment with Ginkgo biloba leave extracts can inhibitthe hepatotoxicity without toxic effect.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37486.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37486_48168cb6f244324f8db03b173b649eca.pdf} } @article { author = {Khalifa, Fares and Hassanin, Nagwa and Abd El-Fattah, Hala}, title = {The physiological effects of dietary boron on growth performance and bone strength in female rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {31-46}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37499}, abstract = {The trace element boron (B) is essential for animals and humans as well as plants. Itis required for bone, mineral metabolism and has a physiological role in animalnutrition. The extent and nature of possible physiological effects or potential risks ofboron in animals and humans are still at primary stage and require furtherinvestigations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary boronsupplementation as sodium tetraborate (0, 5, 10,15,20,25.30, and 35 mgB/100 g diet)on growth performance, bone ash content, and bone strength in adult female albinorats. The results indicated that, boron supplementation affected body weight gain,femur and tibia bone weight, density, mechanical properties ( moment of inertia andstress) , total lipids, and minerals ash content (calcium, inorganic phosphorous,magnesium, and copper). On the other hand, different experimental doses of borondid not have any effect on food intake, femur and tibia bone length, mineral ashcontent of zinc, and bending moment of tibia bone. In addition, the results revealedthat, a statistical significant increase was observed in mean values of femur bendingmoment in the experimental rat groups fed on diets containing high doses of boron assodium borate. These results suggest that physiologic amounts of boron may havebeneficial effects upon bone minerals metabolism and, consequently, bonecharacteristics.}, keywords = {Growth performance,Bone minerals density,Bone strength}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37499.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37499_4e6e64fbf8f97452c1c50001b00e9375.pdf} } @article { author = {Aziz, Margeret and Gomaa, Anhar and Hanafy, Laila and Soliman, Fatma}, title = {Interaction between micronutrients; vitamin a, zinc and iron in the eye (biochemical and histological studies)}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {47-64}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37502}, abstract = {The association of visual impairment and poor diet has long been recognized. Theretina and retinal pigment epithelium have the highest trace mineral content ascompared to any body tissue. Malnutrition as a cause of blindness has been underestimated. This study aimed to investigate the relation between both deficiency as wellas the excess of micronutrients (Vitamin A, zinc and iron) and the ocular eye diseases.This work was done on 48 albino rats divided into six groups. Group one fed oncontrol basal diet, group two, three and four were fed on a diet free from vitamin A,iron, and zinc respectively. Group five was fed on a diet free from all the abovemicronutrients while group six was fed on a diet contain excess of all thesemicronutrients. At the end of the feeding period, ophthalmological and histologicalexaminations were done to all rats. The level of vitamin A was estimated in the serumand the concentration of zinc and iron were determined in the cornea, lens and retina.Also total protein and its fractions were estimated in the lens. The result of this studyshowed that cortical cataract was detected in the rats fed on the diet containingdeficient or excess micronutrients. The level of vitamin A in serum and theconcentration of iron and zinc in cornea, lens and retina revealed a significantchange in different tissues studied due to different treatment especially in deficientand excess groups. Histological examination revealed photoreceptor degeneration inthe retina and intact endothelial cells of the cornea. The data of this work alsorevealed that the level of these micronutrients in the diet affect ocular function,therefore they have to be provided in adequate amounts that satisfy the physiologicalrequirements to avoid eye complications.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37502.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37502_43625d3bda0af595fdc69606b285f642.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Bar, Omar}, title = {Kinetics of aldehyde oxidase in some tissues of the arabian one–humped camel, (camelus dromedarius)}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {65-70}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37506}, abstract = {The specific activities of two molybdenum hydroxylases; aldehyde oxidase andxanthine oxidase from six tissues; (heart, jejunum, kidney, liver, lung and spleen), ofthe Arabian one–humped camel, (Camelus dromedarius) were measured. Threedifferent substrates: 3-methylisoquinoline, phthalazine and phenanthridine were usedfor aldehyde oxidase activity. Only liver had aldehyde oxidase activity withphenanthridine as a substrate. Xanthine oxidase showed no activity in all the studiedtissues, with xanthine as a substrate. The values of both Vmax and Km were determined,for hepatic aldehyde oxidase. The activity of aldehyde oxidase was completelyinhibited using menadione and hydralazine.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37506.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37506_a5e822741e7275e49784727ac050f387.pdf} } @article { author = {SA, Ebied and HF, Farag and AI, Youssef and MM, Ossman and MY, EL-Samak and NA, Hassnian}, title = {Erythrocytes’ Detoxifying and Anti-oxidant capabilities in Human Fascioliasis: Effect of Egaten}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {71-88}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37514}, abstract = {The present study was carried out on 21 fasciolia patients (6 with acute fascioliasisand 15 with chronic fascioliasis), and 10 age matched controls. Specific activities ofsuperoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX),glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glucose 6-phosphatedehydrogenase (G6-PD) as well as glutathione content (GSH) were measured in redblood cells as it offers a number of advantage for studying the effects of oxidants.Egaten (the human form of the fasciolocidal drug Triclabendazole) was supplementedto all patients in a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for 2 successive days. Beforetreatment specific activities of SOD, GPX, GR, G6-PD and GSH content weresignificantly reduced in the erythrocytes of all patients. The only exception was CATenzyme that didn't show any significant difference from controls and GST that showedsignificant elevation. Liver function tests were significantly elevated in plasma offasicola patients. After treatment the level of all studied parameters except CAT weresignificantly elevated than that before treatment and became more or less round thefigures of controls. Liver function tests became normal again, and anemia wasrecovered. Conclusively, Egaten has cured all cases of fascioliasis under study and ithas abolished the effect of the parasite's oxidants on the antioxidant capabilities oferythrocytes.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37514.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37514_858f3275f7c0696ae2988368a2b16e6f.pdf} } @article { author = {Fawzy, Eman and Gad, Mohammed and Abd Al-Rahman, Ehsan}, title = {Levels of some plasma fibrotic factors and hepatic nitric oxide synthase in experimentally induced cirrhotic rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {89-108}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37521}, abstract = {Hepatic fibrogenesis is a consequence of hepatic stellate cells that become activatedand transdifferentiated into a myofibroblastic phenotype with the ability to proliferateand synthesize large quantities of extracellular matrix components. Aim: The aim ofthe present study was to investigate plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines incirrhotic rats and relate them with the level of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) as a marker of fibrinolytic activity. In addition, these cytokines were correlatedwith hepatic nitric oxide synthase activity (NOS). Subjects and methods: The studyincluded 31 cirrhotic rats and 10 healthy controls. Induction of cirrhosis; Hepaticinjury and fibrosis were done in rats by intraperitoneal injection (IP) ofdimethylnitrosamine.(DMN). That were divided into 5 groups. Group I: as a control,group II were 8 cirrhotic rats, while group III were 7 cirrhotic ones with ascites.Group IV and V (n=8 rats) were cirrhotic rats injected with Ng nitro L-argininemethylester (L-NAME). Group V were ascitic in addition. Plasma TNF-α, IL-6 andPAI-1 and nitric oxide (NO) metabolites were measured. Hepatic nitrite level andNOS activity were also estimated. Results: Plasma TNF-α was significantly increasedin all studied groups compared to control group. Plasma IL-6 was significantlyhigher in cirrhotic group with ascites and L-NAME administered groups compared tocontrol one. Levels of plasma IL-6 were increased progressively with evolution of thedisease. There was no statistically significant difference in plasma levels of PAI-1between cirrhotic rats and control group, whereas, it was significantly increased incirrhotic group with ascites upon L-NAME administration compared to controlgroup. NOS activity is positively correlated with hepatic nitrite level. A positivesignificant correlation, also, existed between plasma TNF-α, IL-6 and NOS activityand hepatic nitrite in cirrhotic rats. Conclusion: The present study revealed that incirrhotic rats; plasma levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly elevated, and theelevation was more with progression of fibrosis. Plasma PAI-1 was increased insevere fibrotic liver with other injury. It could be suggested that the profibrogeniccytokines TNF-α and IL-6 are implicated in fibrogenesis in cirrhotic rats and arecorrelated with NOS activity which functions as an adaptive mechanism. They couldbe used clinically as indicators for occurrence and progression of fibrosis.}, keywords = {Hepatic fibrosis,Cirrhosis,tumor necrosis factor-α,Interleukin-6,plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,Nitric oxide,nitric oxide synthase}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37521.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37521_e608597a9b08dcbc40f46d652bdfc0ac.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel- Gawad, Hala and El-Rewini, Safaa}, title = {Study of some physiological mechanisms mediating the cytoprotective effect of clarithromycin on induced gastric mucosal injury in rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {109-132}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37525}, abstract = {Objective: Helicobacter pylori is the main cause of gastritis, gastroduodenal ulcerand gastric cancer and should be considered as a major public health issue.According to several international guidelines first line therapy for treatingHelicobacter pylori infection consists of the usage of macrolide antibiotic(clarithromycin) in combination with other anti secretory agents which has shown tobe related to eradication of the microorganism. Although clarithromycin, has beenused successfully with antiulcer agents to prolong duodenal ulcer remission it is notwell known if it possess cytoprotective effects as well. The aim of the present studywas to examine whether clarithromycin may have gastroprotective effect against 96%ethanol induced gastric lesion in rats and to elucidate the role played by opiatereceptors, afferent sensory nerve fibers,  and -adrenoceptores, endogeneousprostaglandins, sulfhydryls, fluid volume and mucous volume retained in the gastriclumen, in the mechanism of protection offered by intragastric clarithromycin againstethanol-induced mucosal injury. Methods: Gastric mucosal lesions were induced by96% ethanol in rats, then the effect of intragastric clarithromycin (in a doserange:50-400 mg/kg b.wt.) on the ethanol-induced lesion was studied. The effect of blochageof opiate receptors was studied using opiate receptor blocking agent naloxone (8mg/kg.b.wt. intraperitoneal),denervation of the sensory afferent nerves was done byusage of capsaicin (125 mg/kg b. wt. Subcutaneous),the effect of  adrenergicreceptor was done by using 1 adrenergic receptor antagonist prazosin (0.5 mg/kgb. wt. subcutaneous), while the effect of  2 adrenergic receptor was examined byusage of  2 adrenergic receptor antagonist yohimbine (5 mg/kg b. wt.subcutaneous), the influence of 1 adrenoceptores was tested by using 1adrenoceptores antagonist metoprolol (2 mg/kg b. wt. intraperitoneal), while theeffect of  2 adrenoceptores was done by using of  2 adrenoceptores blokerbutoxamine (4 mg/kg b. wt. intraperitoneal), the effect of endogenous prostaglandinswas assassed by application of cycloxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (5mg/kg b. wt.subcutaneous) and sulphhydryls blocking agent is used (iodoacetamide) in a dose of(100 mg/kg. b.wt. subcutaneous). In addition, the effect of clarithromycin on thevolume of gastric content was also investigated. Each study was carried out using sixrats per group. Results: It has been found that intragastric administration ofclarithromycin protected the rat gastric mucosa against 96% ethanol-induced lesionin a dose dependent manner. The inhibition of lesions was 31.86, 51.33, 79.65 and 91.15% at doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b.wt. respectively. Thegastroprotective effect of clarithromycin was not significantly modified bypretreatment with either opiate receptor blocking agent; or sensory nerve fiberdenervation. Subcutaneous pretreatment of rats with 1 blocker or intraperitonealpretreatment with 1 or 2 blocker did not significantly modify the gastroprotectiveeffect of clarithromycin, however, clarithromycin protection was significantlydiminished, although not completely abolished by subcutaneous  2 blocking agent.Clarithromycin protection was not significantly modified by pretreatment with eithersubcutaneous cycloxygense inhibitor, or sulfhydrls blocker. In addition there was adose dependent increase in fluid volume for clarithromycin and in the mucous volumeat 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg b. wt. of clarithromycin at 30 min.  2 blocking agentsignificantly reduced both basal and clarithomycin-stimulated gastric mucoussecretion. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the mechanism mediating theintragastric clarithromycin protective effect against 96% ethanol induced mucosallesion is independent of opiate receptors, capsaicin-sensitive afferent sensory nervefibers, 1, - 1-,2-adrenoceptors, endogenous prostaglandins, and sulfhydrylcompounds of the gastric mucosa. However, the increase in luminal gastric mucousand fluid volume may contribute to the protective effect of intragastric clarithromycinagainst 96% ethanol-induced gastric lesion, 2-adrenoceptors possibly are involvedin such protection by a mucous dependent mechanism.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37525.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37525_138c7f3e2f14eb8b44bb160bbc6679d3.pdf} } @article { author = {Abd Elrahman, Basant and F, El Sharkawi and Shaban, Gamal and Mahdy, Karam and MM, Elmazar}, title = {The value of cardiac troponin-i as a biochemical markers of acute coronary syndromes compared with other traditional markers}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {133-146}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37529}, abstract = {The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical values of serum totalCreatine Kinase (Total-CK), Creatine Kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) and totalLactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) compared with cardiac Troponin-I (cTnI) in thediagnosis of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The study was carried on 27 patientswith acute coronary syndromes from the intensive care unit (ICU) of the EgyptianNational Heart Institute (NHI), Imbaba, Giza, Egypt, in addition to 9 healthy agematched subjects served as controls. Patients were classified into 3 groups: Unstableangina group, acute myocardial infarction group with ST-segment elevation andmyocardial infarction group with non ST-segment elevation. Blood samples havebeen taken from the patients on admission to NHI (ICU) and at 24 and 48 hours aftertheir admission. Serum Total-CK, CK-MB, LDH were determinedspectrophotometrically and cTnI was determined using Enzyme LinkedImmunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The obtained results revealed that there was apositive significant correlation between cTnI and the other biochemical markersexcept with LDH on admission to NHI (ICU). Percent sensitivity was also determined.On admission both cTnI and CK-MB showed the highest sensitivity (59 %) while after24 hours of admission, cTnI showed the highest sensitivity (85 %) and after 48 hoursof admission LDH showed the highest sensitivity (77 %). Specificity level 100%.In conclusion, the present study showed that cTnI was the most sensitivebiochemical marker than the other traditional biochemical markers (Total-CK, CKMB,and LDH) for establishing the diagnosis of ACS during the first 48 hours afteradmission to the hospital. It is better, however to use a combination of more than onemarker in the diagnosis of Acute Coronary Syndrome.}, keywords = {cardiovascular diseases,Serum Biochemical Markers}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37529.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37529_1029e9d6a070d2c7e35bb4f94ec68a02.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Gharieb, Mahmoud and El-Sherbeny, Romysaa}, title = {A Study on the Effect of Progesterone on Coronary and Femoral Blood Flow in Prepubertal Female Anesthetized Dogs}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {147-158}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37531}, abstract = {This work was undertaken to study the effects of progesterone on the coronary andfemoral blood flow. In 18 prepubertal female dogs anesthetized with thiopentalsodium, changes in the coronary and femoral flow caused by intravenous infusion ofprogesterone were assessed by collecting blood through Mrowtiz cannula formcoronary sinus and femoral blood through a catheter inserted inside the femoral veinafter ligation of the external iliac artery. In 6 dogs, infusion of 1 mg/kg ofprogesterone increased the coronary and femoral blood flow. The vasodilator effectsof the hormone were enhanced by graded increases in the dose between 1, 2 and 3mg/kg. The mechanisms of these responses were studied in the dogs by repeating theexperiment after the arterial blood pressure and heart rate had returned to thecontrol values before infusion. After administration of α blocker (phentolamine) or βblocker( propranolol), they did not affect the responses elicited by progesterone in thefemoral blood flow. Also, injection α, β sympathetic blocker and cholinergic blocker(atropine) did not abolish the effect of progesterone on the coronary flow. Injection ofN-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAM) alone or with progesterone into thecoronary or the femoral artery caused prevention in the increase in the coronary andfemoral flow. The present study showed that, intravenous infusion of progesteronedilated the coronary and the femoral arteries. The mechanism of this response did notinvolve stimulation of sympathetic or parasympathetic vasodilator receptors, but maybe through the local action.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37531.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37531_04ed463a28cab3f9a76400ee5df5b1c3.pdf} } @article { author = {El-Shehaby, Amal and Nabih, Mona and Tawfik, Nehad and Abd el-Aziz, Ahmed and El-Hadiday, Amr}, title = {Osteoprotegerin and Soluble TRAIL Serum Levels in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {159-176}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37536}, abstract = {Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a key factor in bone remodelling (inhibitor ofosteoclastogenesis), a member of the tumour necrosis factor receptor family, and alsoa decoy receptor for the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)and tumour necrosis factor- related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) was recentlyimplicated in human atherogenesis. OPG could be produced by cells of thecardiovascular system, including coronary artery smooth muscle cells and endothelialcells and may operate in vascular physiopathology regulating vascular calcification,apoptosis and immune defense raising the possibility that alterations of OPG serumlevels may be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). The present work wasintended to assess the possible role of serum OPG and s-TRAIL in the pathology ofCAD. Since OPG acts by neutralizing TRAIL we hypothesized that serum levels ofTRAIL are also altered in vascular disease. Eighty male subjects were included in thisstudy categorized into three groups: 28 patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI), 32 patients with established stable CAD and 20 healthy males serving ascontrol subjects. All groups were matched for age and body mass index. Followingclinical evaluation, blood samples were withdrawn for serum OPG & s-TRAILdetermination using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In the present study,both AMI and stable CAD groups exhibited significantly higher serum OPG levelscompared to control subjects. On the other hand, both AMI and stable CAD groupsshowed significantly lower serum s-TRAIL levels compared to controlsubjects.Furthermore, in the AMI group there was a significantly higher serum OPGand lower s-TRAIL levels compared to stable CAD group. Also, it was found that thereis a progressive increase in serum OPG levels and decrease in s-TRAIL levels as thenumber of affected coronary vessels increase in both AMI and stable CAD groups. Inconclusion, the present data showed a close association between raised serum OPGand reduced s-TRAIL in patients with CAD (both AMI and stable CAD). In view of thepro-apoptotic effects of TRAIL on vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, anelevation of circulating OPG levels may represent a crucial compensatory mechanismto limit further vascular damage.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37536.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37536_c989a14cbe61f74df1f43266b1e6ff4d.pdf} } @article { author = {Hassouna, Amira and Hefnawy, Engy and El Shafie, Sahar and Zein ElDin, Maged}, title = {Cytochrome-P450 2C9 Polymorphisms: Contribution to Warfarin Sensitivity and Prevalence in Egyptian Population}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {177-194}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37542}, abstract = {Cytochrome P450 2C9 is the main enzyme for degradation of many drugs includingthe most widely prescribed oral anticoagulant; warfarin. It is polymorphic with threecommon allelic variants: The wild type CYP2C9*1(the most active), and CYP2C9*2and CYP2C9*3 both have less catalytic activity . The distribution of CYP2C9 variantsvaries greatly from one population to another. The aim of the present study was toassess the contribution of CYP2C9 polymorphims in the dose requirement of warfarinin Egyptian population and to estimate the prevalence of different CYP2C9 allelesand genotypes in the Egyptian population. One hundred and ninety six patients onwarfarin therapy (INR target between 2.0 and 3.0) and 150 normal subjects wereincluded in the present study. The genotypes were determined using PCR-RFLP.Results: Allele frequencies in the Egyptian population sample were 70%, 20.1% and9.9% for CYP2C9*1, CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 respectively. Cases carrying eitherCYP2C9*2 or CYP2C9*3 required lower doses of warfarin for proper therapeuticresponse than those with the wild allele. Conclusion: There is high frequency ofCYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 variants amoung Egyptian population. These two variantsare related to lower warfarin dose requirements which may lead to overanticoagulation and unstable anticoagulant response.}, keywords = {Cytochrome P450,Polymorphism,oral anticoagulation,pharmacogenetics}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37542.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37542_07f3b2e606e427cd5f5be3635aee10a5.pdf} } @article { author = {Abdel Sattar, Mahasen and El-Debaky, Fouad and Odah, Mosad and Al-Gamal, Mahmoud and Eliwa, Hamdy}, title = {Procalcitonin as an Early Predictor of Septic Complications after Elective Colon Surgery: A Comparative Study versus Interleukin-6 and C-reactive Protein}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {195-210}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37549}, abstract = {This study aimed to assess the utility of estimation of plasma Procalcitonin (PCT) andserum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), as early (within 24 h aftersurgery) predictors of postoperative septic complications in patients who underwentelective colonic resection for malignant disease. The study included 40 patients and10 healthy subjects as controls for the preoperative values. Patients were observed atICU for their first 5 postoperative days for the development of systemic inflammatoryresponse syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis or septic shock that were definedaccording to Bone's criteria. Patients were allocated into 3 groups on the basis ofsigns of sepsis: Group A (No SIRS/Sepsis), Group B (SIRS) and Group C (Sepsis)group. Blood samples were obtained the day before surgery (Day-0) and at themorning of the first postoperative day (Day-1) for estimation of serum CRP and IL-6and plasma PCT. Eight patients developed SIRS and 9 patients progressed to sepsiswith a total morbidity rate of 42.5%. One patient developed septic shock and diedwith a mortality rate of 2.5%. Day-0 serum CRP and plasma PCT showed nonsignificantdifference, while Day-0 serum IL-6 was significantly higher compared tocontrol levels. However, Day-1 levels of the three parameters were significantlyhigher compared to their Day-0 levels. Day-1 serum levels of CRP showed nonsignificantdifference between the three study groups; however, Day-1 serum IL-6was non-significantly higher in group B but was significantly higher in group Ccompared to its levels in group A with a non-significant increase in group Ccompared to group B . Day-1 plasma levels of PCT were significantly higher ingroups B and C compared to its levels in group A with a significant increase in groupC compared to group B. There was a positive significant correlation between thefrequency of occurrence of SIRS and/or septic complication with levels of serum IL-6and of plasma PCT, while the correlation was positive non-significant with serumCRP levels and ROC curve analysis showed that plasma PCT levels were highlyspecific (AUC=0.928), followed by serum levels of IL-6 (AUC=0.763) and serumCRP was the least specific parameter (AUC=0.498). It could be concluded that PCTcan be used as a reliable diagnostic parameter to detect and to monitor infectiouscomplications in the postoperative period after colonic surgery and can be detectedbefore the occurrence of clinical infection, especially in patients suspected to be athigher risk for development of SIRS or septic complications.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37549.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37549_22d769b086e6aff60b9c5d0208742146.pdf} } @article { author = {Younan, Sandra and Youssef, Mary and EL-Shehaby, Amal and Obaia, Eman}, title = {Myocardial protection during ischemia-reperfusion by remote preconditioning: a possible role of inducible nitric oxide synthase and glutathione peroxidase}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {211-227}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37556}, abstract = {Cardiac ischemia is considered to be one of the deleterious injury increasing the riskof cardiac morbidity and mortality. Remote protection of the heart via ischemiareperfusionof non-vital organs (Remote ischemic preconditioning RIPC) wassuggested by many studies as one of the possible cardioprotective intervention. Theaim of the present study was to examine the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in RIPC of the heart prior to ischemiareperfusioninjury, and the possibility of protecting cardiac performance andreducing cardiac damage. Four groups of male rabbits (n= 10/group) were includedin this study: Control sham operated group (group I); Remote ischemicpreconditioning (RIPC) group (group II); ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group (groupIII) and RIPC+I/R group (group IV). RIPC was performed in rabbits of group II andIV by repeated four cycles of 10 min each ,of ischemia-reperfusion of femoral arteryalternating with intervals of 10 minutes of reperfusion. After 24 hours, groups III andIV were subjected to 30 minutes pre-ischemic perfusion then 30 minutes of leftcoronary artery occlusion followed by 60 minutes of post-ischemic reperfusion.Serum creatine kinase (CK) was measured and the size of myocardial infarction wasestimated at the end of the ischemic phase (as an index of myocardial ischemicinjury). Glutathione peroxidase activity and mRNA iNOS expression were assessed inthe cardiac tissue of the four groups. RIPC was found to have no significant effect onthe left ventricular cardiac performance of normal heart. However, RIPC improvedsignificantly the percentage recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure ingroup IV following ischemia-reperfusion compared to group III with no significantdifference in the percentage recovery of both the contractility index and the heartrate. As regards glutathione peroxidase activity, it was significantly increased ingroup II compared to group I, and also as a consequence of cardiac ischemiareperfusion, GPx activity was significantly increased in group III compared to groupI and II. RIPC and I/R increased significantly the GPx activity in group IV comparedto other groups. Moreover, it was found that group IV had a significant increase incardiac iNOS gene expression compared to group III, associated with a significantimprovement of cardiac damage including serum creatine kinase and infraction size.Also, a significant positive correlation was found between GPx activity and iNOSgene expression in group IV. In conclusion, RIPC from skeletal muscles enhanced the recovery of the heart developed pressure, reduced the post-ischemic CK level,reduced the myocardial infarction size and was accompanied by an increase ofglutathione peroxidase activity and enhanced iNOS gene expression providing apossible potential target for the development of novel cardioprotective strategiesduring I/R injury.}, keywords = {Remote preconditioning,glutathione peroxidase,iNOS,and cardiac performance}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37556.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37556_a79d01868b42c12be275199657c8e5fd.pdf} } @article { author = {Al Kafafi, Sobhi and Hammady, Samy and El-Noueam, Mohamed and Fawzy, Eman and Shaat, Eman and Shoeib, Gihan}, title = {The effects of physical exercise, caloric diet restriction and antioxidant supplementation on the aging process in rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {235-252}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37564}, abstract = {The objective of the present study was to assess the effects of age, physical exercise,caloric diet restriction (CR), and vitamin E supplementation on some markers ofoxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis and liver function in different age groups ofrats. The present study included 120 male “Wistar rats”, divided into 3 age groups;12, 18 and 24 months old. Each group was further subdivided into 4 subgroups; 10rats each. The first subgroup as a control, the second underwent exercise training, thethird was kept on CR and the last was supplemented with vitamin E. The measuredbiochemical parameters included; serum malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as % DNAfragmentation levels, the active caspase-3 concentration and the monoamine oxidase-β (MAO-β) enzyme activity in the brain of all studied rats. In addition, hepaticsuperoxide dismutase (SOD) and NADPH- cytochrome c reductase enzyme activitieswere assessed. The results of this study showed that; the aging process wasassociated with significantly increased serum MDA, decreased hepatic SOD activity,increased brain DNA fragmentation and caspase-3 activation as well as decreasedcytochrome c reductase activity of liver. However, exercise, CR, and vitamin Esupplementation caused a significant decrease in serum MDA and increase in hepaticcytochrome c reductase activity in old group. In addition, exercise could increaseSOD and lower caspase-3 in old rats, while CR had no significant effect on both ofthem. Neither age nor any of the used intervention trials had an effect on brain MAO-β activity. It is suggested that the age-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage andimproper hepatic metabolism could be partially attenuated by exercise, CR, and/orvitamin E supplementation. All these beneficial effects might be mostly effective inolder age.}, keywords = {aging,Oxidants,antioxidant,Physical exercise,caloric diet restriction,Vitamin E,Lipid peroxidation,apoptosis,monoamine oxidase-β,Caspase-3,DNA fragmentation,cytochrome c reductase}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37564.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37564_ca3b835477fc77065d4634ac1d28d0bf.pdf} } @article { author = {Al-Refaie, Zeinab and Sabry, Dina}, title = {Antioxidant treatment improves streptozotocin-induced diabetic alterations in fast twitch skeletal muscles of rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {253-268}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37567}, abstract = {Background and objective: Diabetes mellitus affects skeletal muscle and free radicalsare probably implicated in the manifestations of diabetes complications. Antioxidantshave been proposed as therapeutic strategies to protect against diabetes-inducedmuscle dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate and compare the effects ofvitamin E or selenium on fast twitch gastrocnemius muscle of streptozotocine inducedtype 2 diabetic rats via recording twitch tension, time to peak tension, half relaxationtime and peak tetanic tension and determination of muscle malondialdehyde andglutathione peroxidase as markers for oxidant status, specially, for our knowledge, theeffects of vitamin E or selenium on contractile parameters of diabetic fast twitchmuscles have not been previously investigated.Material and methods: 24 male rats of local breed were randomly divided into 4groups (n=6), control group, diabetic group in which diabetes was induced by i.p.injection of streptozotocin 40 mg.kg-1 , vitamin E supplemented diabetic group (600mg.kg-1 daily) and selenium supplemented diabetic group (5 micromole.kg-1 daily) for 4weeks starting 3 days after induction of diabetes.Results: Diabetes significantly reduced twitch tension and peak tetanic tension ofgastrocnemius muscle with no significant change in time to peak tension and halfrelaxation time. Vitamin E or selenium administration to diabetic rats reversed theoxidative imbalance and improved muscle contractile status with more significanteffect in selenium supplemented rats.Conclusion: Vitamin E or selenium can protect against the alterations in fast twitchmuscle properties associated with diabetes.}, keywords = {diabetes,Fast twitch fibers,Vitamin E,selenium}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37567.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37567_7119d7cb062acb57d941b1c635e555b6.pdf} } @article { author = {Alrefaie, Zeinab and Kassem, Lobna and Salah-Aldin, Nahed}, title = {Comparative study of the functional coupling of human chorionic gonadotropin and ca2+ activated potassium channels on myometrial contractility in different trimesters of pregnancy}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {269-282}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37573}, abstract = {Human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG, is central to the regulation of uterinequiescence during pregnancy. The present study was designed to investigate if therelaxant effect of hCG would vary between the different trimesters of pregnancy,whether this effect is linked functionally to the Ca2+ activated potassium channels,BKCa, and if this link would differ between the different stages of pregnancy.Methods: 32 female rats were used in the present study, 8 non-pregnant, 8 pregnantat day 4-5, 8 pregnant at day 11-12 and 8 pregnant at day 20-21, representing the 3trimesters of pregnancy. Frequency and amplitude of isometric contractions wererecorded from uterine strips from each group. These recordings were obtained eitherfrom spontaneous contractions, subgroup 1; contractions after addition of 20 iu hCG,subgroup 2; contractions after addition of 10 mM BKCa channels blocker, tetraethylammonium TEA, subgroup 3 and contractions after addition of both drugs, subgroup4. Results: Our results showed that frequency and amplitude of spontaneous uterinecontractions were significantly decreased in all trimesters of pregnancy whencompared to non-pregnant group. The results also revealed that hCG significantlyreduced frequency and amplitude of contraction in all groups and this reduction wasmore significant in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy. Both parameters ofcontraction were significantly increased by TEA, while adding both drugs did notalter frequency or amplitude of contraction in both non-pregnant and 1st trimesterpregnant strips, but significantly decreased both of them in 2nd and 3rd trimesterspregnant strips. Conclusion: Our findings outlined that hCG exerted a moresignificant uterorelaxant effect in the late stages of pregnancy and that activation ofBKCa channels may explain this relaxant effect.}, keywords = {Myometrial contraction,rat,human chorionic gonadotropin,calcium activated potassium channels}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37573.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37573_3c80465fd3e8be299307887f2663fa4b.pdf} } @article { author = {Kassem, Lobna and Alrefaie, Zeinab and Rateb, Moshira}, title = {Evaluation of the effect of estrogen on left ventricular remodeling in the rat model}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {283-304}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37577}, abstract = {The aim of the present study was to investigate whether estrogen plays a role inremodeling of the left ventricle in the hearts of female rats. Four groups of animalswere studied: control group, ovariectomized group, ovariectomized receivingestrogen treatment for 4 weeks and lastly ovariectomized animals receiving bothestrogen and the protein kinase C inhibitor chelerythrene for 4 weeks.At the end of the four weeks period, the animals were sacrificed and left ventricularperformance, left ventricular axis, left ventricular weight and heart weight weremeasured. The ventricular tissue level of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and theexpression of collagen type I and angiotensin II type I receptors (AT1) were alsoassessed.Results of this work show that ovariectomy induced a reduction in left ventricularpressure, an increase in left ventricular axis, left ventricular weight and total heartweight as compared to sham operated group (P<0.05). The animals also showed anincreased expression of collagen type I, AT1 receptors and increased level of MMP- 9in ventricular tissue samples. Estrogen supplementation in ovariectomized animalsimproved the mechanical performance of the heart as evidenced by significantincrease of left ventricular pressure, heart rate and dp/dt towards normal levels. Italso reduces left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation as significant reduction of leftventricular axis, left ventricular weight and heart weight towards control levels wereobserved. Furthermore, estrogen reduced the expression of collagen type I & AT1receptors as well as the level of MMP-9 in ventricular tissues (P<0.05). Treatment ofovariectomized animals with both estrogen and the protein kinase C inhibitorchelerythrene (group IV) resulted in partial block of the cardioprotective effect ofestrogen treatment alone (group III).We conclude that estrogen, possibly through a mechanism that involves protein Cactivation, seems to reduce left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation as well as leftventricular tissue level of MMP- 9 and expression of collagen type I & AT1 receptorswhile maintaining left ventricular pressure and performance. Such results suggest apositive role of estrogen in cardiac protection in female rats through regulatingcertain Key elements involved in the process of ventricular remodeling.}, keywords = {Estrogen,left ventricle remodeling,angiotensin II receptors,metalloproteinases,collagen,protein kinase C}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37577.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37577_5823d307920c2aacdcb98b5d66ada779.pdf} } @article { author = {Yonan, Nagat and El-attar, Samah and Elsaid, Laila and Mahmoud, Hesham and Youssef, Mary}, title = {Protective and healing promotion effect of heat shock protein on stress induced gastric ulceration in rats}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {305-326}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37584}, abstract = {Background: Heat shock proteins play an important role in the maintenance ofnormal cell integrity and also serve to protect cells from the cytotoxic effects ofaggregated proteins produced by various stresses. Water immersion and restraintstress (WRS) induces gastric ulceration. Treatment with non steroidal antiinflammatorydrugs or blocking nitric oxide “NO” synthesis by L-NAME, a NOsynthase inhibitor, aggravates gastric ulceration. On the other hand heatpreconditioning or treatment with NO donor, L-arginine, act as cyto-protectivefactors protecting the gastric mucosa and enhance gastric mucosal healing. However,whether the pathogenic effects of aspirin and L-NAME, and the cyto-protective effectof NO and heat preconditioning are related to their effect on expression of heat shockprotein-70 (HSP70) in gastric mucosa or not is still undetermined. Aim of work: Thepresent study was established to investigate the potential participation of HSP70 inthe protection against acute gastric mucosal damage and its role in recovery, also theeffect of acetyl salicylic acid, NO and heat preconditioning on its release and effect.Methods: 128 male albino rats were divided into 6 groups, 24 rats each (exceptgroup-I comprised of 8 rats); Group-I: control non stressed group, rats received oralvehicle (saline) 1ml/rat, the rats in the stressed groups II-VI were pretreated 30 min.before the start of WRS by different factors. Group-II: rats received oral vehicle(saline 1ml/rat). Group-III: rats are heat preconditioned at 42°C for 30 min. Group-IV: rats received acetyl salicylic acid (ASA, aspirin) orally (40mg/kg). Group-V: ratsreceived oral L-arginine (250 mg/kg). Group-VI: rats received oral L-NAME (10mg/kg). All rats were exposed to WRS (except group-I) for 3.5 hours, then all ratswere sacrificed, including group-I, then number of gastric ulcers, gastricmalondialdehyde (MDA) content “an indicator for lipid peroxidation in gastricmucosa”, and expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and HSP70 in the stomachwere determined at 0, 6, 24 hours after the end of WRS. Results: WRS caused typicalbleeding erosions and that were aggravated by ASA and L-NAME pretreatment andthis was accompanied by a significant rise in MDA, and a significant decrease in theexpression of HSP70. Pretreatment by heat preconditioning or L-arginine resulted ina significant reduction in the number gastric ulceration and promotion of healingwith a significant decrease in gastric level of MDA and significant increase in theexpression of iNOS and HSP70 in the gastric mucosa. Conclusion: HSP70 has ahealing promotion effect on induced gastric ulcer in WRS rats and the increase in its expression resulted in a protective effect against the development of the ulcer. Itappears that HSP 70 expression alteration is one of the mechanisms by which heatpreconditioning, aspirin, L-arginine, and L-NAME induced their effects on gastricmucosa.}, keywords = {Stress ulcers,L-NAME,L-arginine,Acetyl salicylic acid,Heat shock proteins (HSP)}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37584.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37584_4b7f73f80580cbed22569d78235b2f26.pdf} } @article { author = {Mohamed, Mansour}, title = {Assay and biochemical effect of long term high dose and abuse administration of ceftriaxone In experimental animals}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {327-336}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37587}, abstract = {Ceftriaxone is a drug proved to have efficacy on community acquired infectionincluding uncomplicated gonorrhea, acute pyelonephritis and various infections inchildren. Recent studies have demonstrated that ceftriaxone induces reversibleprecipitates in the gallbladder. This complication is referred to as "biliarypseudolithiasis", and it has symptoms similar to the liver dysfunction usually occursin children receiving high doses of ceftriaxone. The patient's jaundice subsides, andthe liver function test results usually improve, and return to baseline levels after theend duration of treatment. The present study was designed to describe the effect ofhigh dose and abuse treatment of experimental rats with ceftriaxone (500 and 1000mg/kg B.W.) every 12 hours for one week on liver function tests.. After 7 days oftherapy, (ALT, AST), total, direct, and indirect bilirubin levels were evaluated in theexperimental rats and the concentration of the drug was determined by high pressurechromatography. The results of the study showed significant elevation in all measuredparameters by the end of one week ceftriaxone therapy. Therefore, it could beconcluded that the choice of a more safe and potent antibiotics require selectiveinvestigation concerning the group of antibiotic, the dosage and the duration as wellas the type of disease(1).}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37587.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37587_3726c98dc23ba9acb8790cc2e23ca2e9.pdf} } @article { author = {Shaat, Eman and Soliman, Gehan}, title = {Can Atorvastatin Modulate The Impact Of Oxidative Stress On Testicular Tissue In Diabetic Rats?}, journal = {Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, volume = {26}, number = {2}, pages = {337-356}, year = {2006}, publisher = {Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences}, issn = {1110-0842}, eissn = {2356-9514}, doi = {10.21608/besps.2006.37590}, abstract = {The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of atorvastatin on someoxidative markers in testes of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. This studyincluded thirty adult male albino rats divided equally into control group (I), nontreateddiabetic group (II) and atorvastatin-treated diabetic group (III). After eightweeks, all rats were sacrificed. In testes, xanthine oxidase(XO) and NADPH oxidaseenzyme activities were determined. In addition, reactive oxygen species(ROS) levelswere measured using dichlorofluorescein method. Testicular hemeoxygenase-1(HO-1), testosterone and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) were estimated by ELISA and HPLCtechniques respectively.The results of this study showed that in STZ-induced diabetic rats, XO and NADPHoxidase activities as well as ROS and HO-1 levels increased significantly ascompared to control values , while CoQ10 decreased significantly. Administration ofatorvastatin to diabetic rats could significantly reduce XO and NADPH oxidaseactivities and ROS levels. In addition, it increased CoQ10 and testosterone testicularlevels but without apparent effect on hyperglycemia or HO-1 levels. XO, NADPHoxidase, ROS, HO-1 and glucoce was found to correlate positively to each other. Incontrast, CoQ10 was inversely correlated to the previously mentioned parameters.These data support the protective antioxidant effect of atorvastatin. This drug couldattenuate the oxidative stress induced in testes of STZ-diabetic rats possibly throughdecreasing XO and NADPH oxidase activities as well as ROS levels and also throughincreasing antioxidant CoQ10 levels. However, it could not modulate hyperglycemiaor testicular HO-1 levels.}, keywords = {}, url = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37590.html}, eprint = {https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37590_0238a5b341bc844500f163762299d4be.pdf} }