eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
1
20
10.21608/besps.2010.36294
36294
Original Article
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Alpha- Lipoic Acid in Collagen II-induced Arthritis in Rats
Mona El-Karn
1
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, chronic inflammatorydisease with uncertain pathogenesis. It is characterized by polyarthritis and highconcentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines. There is a growing body of evidenceindicates that free radicals play an important role in the pathophysiology of thechronic inflammatory state associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Alpha-lipoic acid(α-LA) is a naturally occurring dithiol compound which is known to elicit a unique setof biochemical activities with potential potent biological antioxidant effect. Also, itmay play a role in modulation of various inflammatory signaling pathways.Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA), to attenuate the development of rheumatoid arthritis in rat model of collageninducedarthritis. Also, the study discussed the possible mechanisms by which α-LAcan alleviate the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The study was carried on30 of female rats divided into 3 groups: control group (group I), Collagen II-inducedarthritis group (group II) and CII + alpha lipoic acid treated group (group III).Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in rats of group II by immunizationwith100μg/100μl of emulsion of bovine collagen II in the base of the tail. Rats ofgroup III were injected by CII, and received α-LA daily (100 mg/kg/day/intraperitonially) for 42 day. Clinical evaluation of arthritis and follow up of bodyweight was done in all groups throughout the experiment to assess the developmentand severity of arthritis. Biochemical analysis of blood samples of all groups hasbeen done to evaluate some markers of oxidative stress and inflammation markers.So, plasma levels of lipid peroxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxidedismutase (SOD) were measured for the evaluation of oxidative stress. Also, plasmalevels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosisfactor- (TNF-) were measured for evaluation of inflammation. Results:By end of the study, injection of rats of group II with collagen II induced arthriticmanifestations in all rats of this group with gradually progressive decrease of meanbody weight continued till end of the experiment. Treatment of rats of group III withα-LA led to improvement of most of the clinical arthritic parameters with significantattenuation in body weight loss in this group as compared to rats of group II. There isa significant increase in plasma level of oxidative stress markers in all rats of groupII as indicated by increased serum level of lipid peroxides (LPO) and nitric oxide(NO), with a significant reduction in plasma level of superoxide dismutase (SOD)when compared with levels of control group. Also, the study revealed a significantincrease in plasma level of inflammatory markers e.g., prostaglandin and C-reactiveprotein (PGE2 and CRP) as well as increase in plasma level of the pro-inflammatorycytokine; TNF-α in CIA rats (group II). Administration of α-LA to rats of group III
induced significant reduction of plasma level of LPO and NO with significantincrease in plasma level of SOD as compared with group II. Additionally, there is asignificant reduction in plasma levels of the measured inflammatory markers ((PGE2,CRP and TNF-α) in rats of group III as compared with group II. Conclusion: It couldbe concluded that α-LA has a role to prevent oxidative stress and to supportantioxidant system against oxidative damage in collagen-induced arthritis model rats.Also, amelioration of joint damage in CIA rats by α-LA was associated with inhibitionof inflammatory process as indicated by lowering plasma level of TNF-α,prostaglandin and C-reactive protein. Results of the present study indicate that α-LAmay be a new adjunctive therapy for rheumatoid arthritis as it has a potentantioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory effect. Collectively, these findings mayencourage further exploration of the usefulness of lipoic acid in arthritis.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36294_ae1e65a33191d9355d0e4fe6d12b8499.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
21
34
10.21608/besps.2010.36295
36295
Original Article
Thrombophilic Genes Mutations in Preeclampsia
Gamal Othman
1
Abd Elnaser badawy
2
Rizk Elbaz
3
Ahmad Ragab
4
Medical Biochemistry Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Medical Biochemistry Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Genetic Unit of Pediatric Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Gynecology and Obstetric Dept., Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder involving vasoconstriction andhypertension in the mother and decreased blood flow. There are inconsistent reportson whether there is an association between preeclampsia and thrombophilia. TheAim of the Study: The present study aimed to determine the relationship of mutationsof factor V Leiden, prothrombin and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)genes in Egyptian preeclamptic patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty sixpreeclamptic women and 48 normal pregnant women were tested for detection ofmutations of factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin and methylene tetrahydrofolatereductase genes by genotyping using multiplex allele specific PCR, restrictionenzymes and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: There was significant associationbetween mutations of factor V Leiden gene in preeclamptic patients (8 positive casesout of 56) compared with control cases (No positive cases out of 48), prothrombingene in preeclamptic patients (22 positive cases out of 56) compared with controlcases (only one positive case out of 48), while, no significant association betweenmutations of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T or A1298C inpreeclamptic patients when compared with control cases. Conclusion: This studysuggests the existence of a linkage between FVL, prothrombin genes polymorphismbut not MTHF reductase genes polymorphism in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36295_a3b3473842df972be4454daad2591cfd.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
35
46
10.21608/besps.2010.36296
36296
Original Article
Immunopathological study of Egyptian Patients with Chronic HCV Infection, Role of α-defensin, RANTES, and TNF-α
Gamal Othman
1
Ayman Elbaz
2
Khaled Farid
3
Ashraf Omar
4
Mohamed Arafa
5
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Department of Tropical Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Department of Internal Medicine , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Department of Pathology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Background: Hepatitis C virus infection and its associated liver inflammatorydisease is a major global health problem affecting over 170 million peopleworldwide. Following viral infection, multiple pro-inflammatory mediators contributeto recruitment of immune cells to the liver and to the generation of an anti-viralimmune response. Multiple recent publications mark chemokines and their receptorsas key players in leukocyte recirculation through the inflamed liver. Furthermore,chemokines may also be involved in liver regeneration, fibrosis, and in malignanttransformation, which is induced by the persistence of inflammation. The Aim of thisStudy: The present study aimed to measure serum TNF-α, RANTES and α-defensinslevels in patients with chronic hepatitis C and to estimate their relation to HCVviremia as well as grade of liver inflammation and stage of fibrosis. Materials andMethods: 40 patients with chronic HCV and 20 normal controls were tested for liverfunction tests (Albumin, ALT, AST, ALP, Bilirubin), prothrombin activity, FBS,creatinine, CBC, AFP, HCV RNA, RANTES, TNF-α and α-defensins. Results: Therewere significant increase of serum levels of α-Defensins, RANTES and TNF-α inpatients with chronic HCV infection compared with control group (P<0.05). α-defensins and RANTES showed significant positive correlation with HCV RNA viralload, grade of activity and stage of fibrosis while TNF-α showed significant positivecorrelation with grade of activity and stage of fibrosis only. Conclusion: The highlinear correlation of levels of α-Defensins, RANTES and TNF- with stage of liverfibrosis and grade of activity makes the measurement of these peptides reliablemarkers to evaluate liver fibrosis stage. The effects of these peptides need furtherstudies and researches on a wide scale to clarify their possible mechanisms.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36296_8a6ce14d4212712390b2407da3573d3e.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
47
64
10.21608/besps.2010.36298
36298
Original Article
The Role of Some Antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus Induced in Rats
Nagy Tawfek
1
Mahmoud Elrehany
2
Hanaa Hassan
3
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of oxidative stress in theprogression of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes and to evaluate thepotential usefulness of some antioxidants supplementation in the treatment of type 1diabetes. The severity of diabetes in the different groups has been studied in relationto the level of cytokines released during the oxidative stress. The present study wasachieved using 24 male Sprague Dawley albino rats. Rats were divided into threegroups: normal control rats, diabetic control rats, and diabetic rats received mixtureof antioxidants. A mixture of antioxidants [N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), alpha-lipoic acid(LA), vitamin E and vitamin C] was orally administered daily to cyclophosphamideinduceddiabetic rats for a period of two months. The results revealed that diabeticrats had significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration andtranscription nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-кβ) concentration, as compared tonormal control rats. After treatment of diabetic rats with the antioxidants for twomonths, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-кβ)concentrations showed a highly significant decrease (p< 0.001) when compared withthe diabetic control group. Histological analysis of the pancreas revealed that theantioxidants treatment preserved the normal morphology of Islets of pancreas, and β-cell mass when compared with diabetic rats. The combination of these antioxidantswas more effective in suppression of apoptosis which was associated with thedevelopment of type 1 diabetes. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated thatantioxidants protect β-cell from cytokine induced dysfunction and death throughinhibition of specific nuclear factor –кβ activity which was more visible in the nucleiof Islet cells in diabetic rats than antioxidants-treated rats. On the basis of the presentresults it could be concluded that [N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), alpha-lipoic acid (LA),vitamin E and vitamin C] restored the activities of the above parameters in differentways, depending on special mechanism in each one. Supplementation of antioxidantsat once after diagnosis of diabetes may delay the complications of diabetes. Thisfinding suggests a potential usefulness of antioxidants for treating diabetes andprovides further support for the implication of oxidative stress in β-cell dysfunction indiabetes by providing protection against hyperglycemia.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36298_fe54e2f554bdd1a33e5fdd44c2e6789b.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
65
86
10.21608/besps.2010.36299
36299
Original Article
Effect of Long Term Excessive Iodine Intake on Thyroid Function and Oxidative Stress in Euthyroid and Hypothyroid Rats
Amr Abbas
1
Abd El-Aziz Hussein
2
Gehan El Wakil
3
Ayman Elsamanoudy
4
Aza Abd El Aziz
5
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Department of Medical Biochemistry , Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Background and aim of work: The aim of the current study was to investigate theeffects of long term excessive iodine intake on gene expression of thyroidal sodiumiodide symporter (NIS), D1 deiodinase and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroidhormones, oxidative injury and anti-oxidative ability of euthyroid and hypothyroidSprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: Ninety rats were divided intoeuthyroid and hypothyroid (thiocyanate induced) groups with or withoutadministration of excess iodine (3000 or 6000 μg/l) for 4 weeks. Serum thyroxine (T4),triiodothyronine (T3), TSH, thyroid antioxidants ((glutathione S transferase, catalase,superoxide dismutase enzymes, nitric oxide and total antioxidants), lipid peroxide(malondialdehyde, MDA) were measured. RT-PCR gene expression for thyroidal NIS,D1 deiodinase and TPO were performed. Results: Thiocyanate significantlydecreased thyroid hormones (T3, T4), increased lipid peroxides and antioxidants,increased gene expression of NIS, D1 deiodinase, TPO. High iodine intake tohypothyroid rats significantly decreased NIS, D1 deiodinase and TPO genesexpression. Excess iodine significantly increased MDA and antioxidants in euthyroidand hypothyroid rats. Despite the increase in T4 in euthyroid rats administered excessiodine, T3 decreased whereas in hypothyroid rats, both of them were increased. NIS,and D1 deiodinase genes expression in euthyroid rats administered excess iodinewere decreased but TPO was non-significantly increased. Conclusion:Hypothyroidism increased gene expression of NIS, TPO, and induces an oxidativestress. High iodine intake decreased NIS and D1 deiodinase gene expression ineuthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Moreover, excess iodine increase thyroid hormones,lipid peroxides and antioxidants in cases of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats.Therefore, screening of thyroid function and assessment of prooxidant/antioxidantstatus in subjects treated with drugs containing iodine and after investigations withcontrast media are recommended.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36299_f9706c097c4fbd1cda45c9a271f95437.pdf
excess iodine
thyroid hormones
Oxidative Stress
euthyroid
hypothyroid
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
87
110
10.21608/besps.2010.36301
36301
Original Article
Antagonistic Effects of Selenium (Se) and Vitamin C against the Hepatotoxic Effects of AFB l in Rats
Salwa Abaskhroun
1
Hala Hamouda
2
Ayman Wagih
3
Rania Emam
4
Mona Abd El-Azem
5
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Objective: Aflatoxins (AFs) a group of mycotoxins, are produced by the filamentousfungi Aspergillus, particularly flavus and parasiticus. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the mostprevalent and the most potent of these toxins, which has potent hepatotoxic andhepatocarcinogenic properties in animals and humans. Because of the wide spread ofAFB1 contaminated food and feeds and because of its hepatotoxicity, the presentexperimental study was carried out. Aim of the study: The aim of the present studywas to highlight the antagonistic effects of selenium (Se) and vitamin C against thehepatotoxic effect of AFB1 as they have a role in prevention of formation ofcarcinogens from precursor compounds and they are natural antioxidants.Materialsand methods: The study was carried out on 85 white male albino rats divided into;Group I (control group):10 rats received I.P injection of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)for 15 days. Group II: 45 rats received I.P injection of AFB1 for 15 days and thensubdivided into three equal subgroups; Group II a: received regular diet, group II b:received Se orally for 15 days. Group II c: received vitamin C orally for 15 days.Group III: received Se orally for 15 days during and 15 days after AFB1 injection.Group IV: received vitamin C orally for 15 days during and 15 days after AFB1injection. All groups were subjected to measurements of the following; liver functiontests, serum & liver tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione(GSH), and the activity of serum &liver tissue glutathione S- transferase enzyme(GST) and paraoxonase1 (PON1) enzymes. Liver specimens were examinedhistopathologically. Results: The present study confirmed the hepatotoxicity of AFB1,as marked by the significant increase of serum AST, ALT enzymes activities anddecrease serum albumin which is confirmed by histopathological study of livertissues. Serum and liver tissue MDA levels were significantly increased in AFB1treated animals. There was significant increase of the inducible enzyme GST activityand significant decrease of GSH level in AFB1 treated groups. There was significantdecrease in PON1 enzyme activity in both serum and hepatic tissue. Se and vitamin Cwere effective only when given with and after the xenobiotic treatment for another 15days. They caused significant decrease of serum activity of AST, ALT and increase inserum albumin. They also caused a significant decrease in MDA level and GSTenzyme activity with significant increase of GSH level and PON1 enzyme activity inboth serum and liver tissues. Conclusion: All the above findings confirm theprotective role of Se and vitamin C on the hepatotoxicity caused by AFB1.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36301_b78d948a30fc7c04b11e2b3135a52e2f.pdf
Selenium (Se)
Malondialdehyde (MDA)
reduced glutathione (GSH)
glutathione S- transferase enzyme (GST) paraoxonase1 (PON1)
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
111
124
10.21608/besps.2010.36302
36302
Original Article
ASSOCIATION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR Α PVU II AND XBAI GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH BREAST CANCER RISK; RELATION TO THE AGE OF MENARCHE AND MENOPAUSE
Magdy AL-Tahhan
1
Etewa L.
2
Doaa Refaat
3
From Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
From Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
General Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
The association of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) genetic polymorphisms with the risk ofbreast cancer attracts much attention because ER functions as a hormone-dependenttranscriptional regulator, which in turn, plays a significant role in the development ofbreast cancer. This study was conducted to find if there is an association betweengenetic polymorphisms in the ER-α gene and breast cancer in Egyptian females andits relation to the age of menarche and menopause. A total of 50 breast cancerEgyptian women and 25 age-matched healthy controls were involved in the study.PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of ER-α gene were genotyped by polymerase chainreaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Pp/pp genotypes were found in84% of patients and in 56% of controls; and the homozygous wild PP genotype wasfound in 16% of patients, and 44% of controls. There was highly significant increasein the risk of breast cancer with the presence of PvuII restriction site (Pp/ppgenotypes) compared with absence of restriction site (PP genotype) (P = 0.008).There was statistically significant decrease in the age of menarche (P = 0.021) andinsignificant differences in the age of menopause of all participant women withpresence of PvuII restriction site. Xx/xx genotypes were found in 84% of patients andin 76% of controls; and XX genotype was found in 16% of patients and in 24% ofcontrols. There was insignificant difference in genotype frequency of the ER-α XbaIpolymorphism between patients and controls (P = 0.157). There was statistically veryhighly significant decrease in the age of menarche (P<0.001) and insignificantdifferences in the age of menopause of all participant women with presence of XbaIrestriction site. From the present study, it could be concluded that geneticpolymorphisms in the ER-α gene may play a role in the etiology of breast cancer inEgyptian women and may be a genetic determinants of the age of menarche.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36302_a648af290197d6a18b72f3800c792058.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
125
148
10.21608/besps.2010.36304
36304
Original Article
Cardiovascular Functions and Dopamine: Mechanism of Action in Adult Male Anesthetized Balady Rabbits
Enas Hamed
eah3a2010@yahoo.com
1
Emtethal Moustafa
2
Nashwa Abd El-Mottalib
3
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
This study aimed to elucidate mechanism(s) that mediate dopamine regulation ofcardiovascular system (CVS) functions. Forty eight adult male anesthetized Baladyrabbits (4 experiments, 8 groups, 6 animals each) were included. Experiment Iassessed the effect of intravenous (iv) dopamine infusion (0.1, 1, 4 and 12 μg/kg/min)on diastolic (DBP), systolic (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR),cardiac contractility (CC) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). ExperimentII assessed the effect of dopamine infusion on ventricular sarcomere length.Experiment III confirmed the contribution of dopamine receptor subtype(s).Experiment IV evaluated adrenergic receptors involved in dopamine's action. MeanBP, CC, HR and RSNA were recorded by physiograph. At low dopamine infusion rateDBP, MBP, CC and RSNA were decreased; while sarcomere length and A:I ratiowere increased. At high dopamine infusion rate DBP, SBP, MBP, HR and CC wereincreased while; sarcomere length and A:I ratio were decreased. D1-like receptoractivation decreased MBP; while D2-like receptor activation decreased MBP, CC,and RSNA. Both D1-and D2-like receptors blockade attenuated hypotensive response,whereas CC was abolished by D2 receptor blockade. Mean BP, HR and CC were notchanged after D1- and D2-like receptors blockade, but decreased after D1- and D2 likereceptors activation. Low dopamine infusion into animals pre-treated with α-adrenoceptor blockade (reserpine) or β-adrenoceptor blockade (propranolol)decreased MBP and CC whereas, with high dopamine infusion, the HR and CC wereincreased after α-adrenoceptor blockade and MBP was increased after β-adrenoceptor blockade. From this study, we can conclude that dopamine elicitsbiphasic effect on CVS. Low dopamine doses acts via stimulation of D1- and D2- likereceptors. With increasing dose, actions occur via stimulation of α- and β-adrenergicreceptors. Normal endogenous dopamine may not alter basal cardiovascularfunctions.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36304_72718d932e86d765e758c377a218116d.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
149
163
10.21608/besps.2010.36305
36305
Original Article
CIRCULATING LEVELS OF sCD40L, sFas, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE IN MALE PATIENTS
Magdy Al-Tahhan
1
Etewa L
2
Amal Aziz
3
Abd El Aziz Gomaa
4
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University.
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University.
Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
Background and aim of work: Immunomodulatory mediators play a crucial role inthe pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)and intercellular adhesion molecule-l (ICAM-1) are important inflammatorymediators of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium and their plasma levlesincrease in chronic and acute inflammation. Furthermore, the immune modulatorsCD40 ligand (CD40L) and sFas have been receiving increased attention, since theyplay a key role in the pathophysiology of multicellular vascular events such asthrombosis, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Based on the previous facts, weplanned to evaluate the role of plasma VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and serum soluble CD40L(sCD40L) and sFas in HF. Subjects and methods: The present study was done on 30male patients with HF who were classified according to the type of HF to: 15 patientswith chronic HF (CHF) due to ischemic causes and 15 patients with acute myocardialinfarction (AMI) complicated with HF during acute phase (AHF). Ten age-matchedhealthy male volunteers were taken as controls. Plasma levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1,and serum levels of sCD40L and sFas were measured in all groups. Lipid profile,creatine phosphokinase and its MB fraction were also measured. Results: There weresignificant increase in plasma levels of VCAM-1 (P<0.05), ICAM-1 (P<0.001), andserum levels of sCD40L (P<0.001) and sFas (P<0.001) in both CHF and AHFpatients compared to control subjects. There was a significant positive correlationbetween VCAM-1 and sCD40L, as well as sFas in CHF (r = 0.46, P = 0.03 and r =0.47, P = 0.02 respectively) and a significant positive correlation between ICAM-1and sCD40L, as well as sFas in AHF (r = 0.551, P<0.01 and r = 0.49, P = 0.012respectively). Also, there was a positive significant correlation between sCD40L andlow-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both CHF and AHF cases (P<0.05).Conclusion: sCD40L, sFas, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 could be used as markers thatmight predict cardiovascular events in patients with chronic and acute heart diseases.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36305_2c9e074d6d9562b4eff64bd4703b259d.pdf
sCD40L
sFas
VCAM-1 and ICAM-1
Heart failure
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
165
182
10.21608/besps.2010.36306
36306
Original Article
Comparative Study of the Protective Effects of Taurine and Melatonin on Cytochrome P450 2E1 and some Oxidative Stress Markers in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Manal El-Batch
1
Azza Hassan
2
Heba Mahmoud
3
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Microbiology & Immunlogy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Melatonin and taurine have alleviative effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induceddiabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into non-diabetic, diabetic, diabeticmelatonin (administered at 200 μg/kg/day dissolved in 0.5 ml of normal saline) anddiabetic taurine (administered at 2% in the drinking water) supplemented groups. Atthe end of the study, blood was collected and used for determination of glucose, totalcholesterol, triglyceride levels, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), in addition to advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) level, andparaoxonase (PON1) enzyme activity. Also, liver tissue was examined formalondialdhyde (MDA) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity andcytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) both enzyme activity and gene expression. Lightmicroscopy pictures of liver tissue were also evaluated for signs of its damage. Anincreased CYP2E1 activity and gene expression with a concomitant significantchange in oxidative stress parameters were found in STZ-induced diabetic rats,suggesting the possible diabetes-induced injury. Taurine or melatoninsupplementation to the diabetic rats alleviated these experimental parameters withmore significant effect for taurine than that of melatonin. Suppression of β-HBproduction by taurine can be one of the mechanisms of reduction in CYP2E1.Conclusion: Taurine has the capabilities more than melatonin in protecting the liverfrom the hepatic injury induced by type 1 diabetes, by reducing the oxidative stressand restoring CYP2E1 activity and gene expression, suggesting hepatic protectivenature of taurine in diabetic rats. Therefore antioxidants might prove beneficial as anadjuvant treatment to insulin in type 1 diabetes associated with manifestations of liverinjury.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36306_26a186d3be3c7a7de06064b04e09d7b8.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
183
198
10.21608/besps.2010.36307
36307
Original Article
Ginger Mitigates Total Sleep Deprivation Adverse Effects: A Curative Effect of Recovery Sleep
Ahmed Shehata
1
Physiology Department- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Egypt
The present study aimed to explore the biochemical, hematological and histologicaleffects of sleep deprivation and effect of aqueous extract of ginger and recovery sleep inrats. Adult male rats were sleep deprived for a period of 5 days using grid suspended overwater method. Aqueous ginger extract (500 mg/kg/day, p.o) was administered for 8 days,starting 3 days before sleep deprivation. Recovery sleep was allowed for two days. Sleepdeprivation insignificantly increased corticosterone, significantly elevated levels ofmalondialdehyde and protein carbonyls, decreased levels of ascorbic acid, reducedglutathione (GSH) and depressed total antioxidant activity in blood plasma and heart. Inaddition, sleep deprivation increased level of total IgGs, elevated total count of leucocytesand differential (neutrophils and lymphocytes). Besides, sleep deprivation causedextravasations of Evan's blue dye in the brain tissues (brain cortex, midbrain and brainstem). Moreover, sleep deprivation induced histological abnormalities in cardiac tissuemanifested as inflammation, hemorrhage and degeneration of cardiomyocytes. Gingerextract significantly offered protection against the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.Recovery sleep had a restorative effect of the normal levels of most tested parameters. Thestudy indicated that sleep deprivation caused harmful effects independent of stressearnings, by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction leading to damage in thecardiac tissue and temporally breakdown in the blood brain barrier. It's worthy to notethat ginger offered protection while recovery sleep had a restorative effect against sleepdeprivation effects.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36307_4708dd25268f164688ebedda2644aca8.pdf
Sleep deprivation
Ginger
recovery sleep
Blood
heart
Brain
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
199
212
10.21608/besps.2010.36308
36308
Original Article
Effect of Chronic Hypoxia on Carotid Vascular Responses to Adenosine in Rats
Nisreen Abo-Elmaaty
nisreenomar@hotmail.com
1
Physiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Al Mansoura University, Egypt
Aim of the work: the present study aims at testing whether chronic hypoxia alters thedilator vascular responses of rat carotid circulation to adenosine-evoked fall inarterial blood pressure (ABP). The arterial blood pressure was lowered to the lowerlimit of cerebral autoregulatory range giving the chance to further study whether thecarotid autoregulatory response to adenosine-evoked fall in ABP is compromised bychronic hypoxia or not. A third aim is to investigate whether the role of tonicallysynthesized nitric oxide (NO) in dilator responses evoked by adenosine in carotidvasculature is different in chronic hypoxic rats. Study Design: the study was doneusing 2 comparable age groups of adult male Wistar rats; the first were breathingnormal 21% O2 (normoxic; N), whereas the second were made chronically hypoxic(CH) by breathing 12% O2 for 3 weeks, while they were growing from 7 to 10 weeks.In anaesthetized rats, the carotid blood flow (CBF) and carotid vascular conductance(CVC) were recorded during a 3 min infusion of adenosine adjusted at a dose aimedat lowering ABP to 60 mm Hg, the lower limit of autoregulatory range before andafter a bolus dose of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME (10mg.kg-1).Results: in chronic hypoxic rats, the adenosine-induced fall in ABP was associatedwith a significant increase in CVC but with no significant increase in CBF in contrastto the significant increase in CBF noticed in N rats. Also, adenosine-evoked increasein baseline CVC was significantly larger in N than in CH rats. Inhibition of nitricoxide synthase produced comparable changes on baseline values in CH as in N rats.In CH rats, L-NAME did not attenuate the increase in CVC evoked by adenosine as itdid in N rats. However, after L-NAME, CBF increased in CH rats. Conclusion: Fromthese results, it could be suggested that exposing rats to chronic hypoxia for 3 weeksdoes not compromise the carotid autoregulatory response to the fall in arterial bloodpressure. However, it seems that adenosine does not exert an active vasodilatation incarotid circulation of CH rats as it does in N rats. Further, it seems that theadenosine-evoked increase in CBF in CH rats is largely nitric oxide-independent.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36308_90564e693d8eebb67d33a7c033a9d2ed.pdf
chronic hypoxia
carotid vasculature
Adenosine
Nitric oxide
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
213
228
10.21608/besps.2010.36309
36309
Original Article
Moderate Hypogonadism Enhances Hippocampal Neurotransmission, Augments Memory and Learning and Modulates Neurogenesis in Adult Male Rats.
Ahmed Shehata
1
Department of Physiology- National Organization for Drug Control and Research- Giza- Egypt
The study aimed to test whether the decrease in testosterone level during aging is theunderlying mechanism for the deterioration in memory and cognitive functions. Thiswas achieved through determination of hippocampal neurotransmission by in vivodetermination of extracellular dopamine and serotonin in CA1 hippocampal regionand brain derived neurotorphic factor (BDNF) synthesis in both normal andunilateral castrated rats (an experimental model for hypogonadism) and 2 and 4 daysafter single dose of exemestane (5mg/kg, p.o.). In addition, learning and memoryprocesses were determined using Morris water maze. Results showed that unilateralcastration resulted in significant decrease in testosterone level, disturbing thetestosterone/estradiol ratio and enhanced hippocampal neurotransmission. Besides,these effects were accompanied with an enhanced learning and memory andsignificant decrease in the level of BDNF expression. Whereas, exemestane treatmentincreased testosterone level and inhibited DA and 5-HT release, significantlyincreased BDNF expression and inhibited learning and memory processes in bothnormal and unilateral castrated groups. The study indicated that moderatehypogonadism has a positive effect on hippocampal neurotransmission, learning andmemory due to the imbalance of testosterone/estradiol in favor of estradiol. On theother hand, exemestane effects might be due to imbalance of testosterone/estradiolratio in favor of testosterone. In addition, it seems that the beneficial effects ofphysiological levels of testosterone are indirectly due its conversion to estradiol.Moreover, the study indicated that moderate decline in endogenous testosterone inhealthy aged individuals is not the underlying mechanism of the age-relateddeterioration in the cognitive function.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36309_9889cb51ba0853e4c0af5588c96c6a83.pdf
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
229
244
10.21608/besps.2010.36310
36310
Original Article
Effectiveness of Laser Acupoint Therapy and Exercise Program on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Mild Essential Hypertensive Patients
Hala Hamed
1
Mohamed Al Maghraby
2
Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Background and Purpose; Hypertension is associated with enhanced oxidativestress. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been employed as a treatment for a varietyof clinical conditions. Regular physical activity lowers blood pressure and enhancesendothelial vasodilator function in hypertensive patients. The main purpose of thestudy was to measure the levels of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathioneperoxidase (GPX) in relation to practicing laser acupuncture therapy and exerciseprogram in mild essential hypertensive patients. Study Type and Design;Interventional, Randomized Control Trial. Subjects and Methods; 45-male patients(40-60 years) with mild essential hypertension were participated in the study.Following baseline measurements, patients were categorized randomly into threehomogenous groups; laser therapy, exercise and control. Patients of laser therapygroup subjected to a program of laser acupoint therapy to Chinese points for treatinghypertension for 4 weeks. Patients of exercise group performed a supervised treadmillexercise program 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Data of pre- and post-interventionmeasures were collected and statistically analyzed. Results; Comparing postinterventionresults of laser therapy and control groups, and between exercise andcontrol groups, showed a high statistically significant difference of mean values ofMDA, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse rate(PR), while serum GPX, showed nonsignificant (P>0.05) difference. Conclusions;Short-term (4-week) laser therapy and supervised treadmill exercise programssignificantly improved MDA level. There was also a significant reduction in SBP andDBP, exhibiting a considerable hypotensive effect. It was found also that lasertherapy is more efficient in improving the studied parameters than such improvementsdocumented in exercise program.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36310_700f202444f424bc6fa3ed3bb048bcb7.pdf
Essential hypertension
Oxidative Stress
Malondialdehyde
glutathione peroxidase
Laser Acupoint
Exercise Program
eng
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
2010-06-01
30
2
245
254
10.21608/besps.2010.36311
36311
Original Article
MAGE-3 And -4 Genes as Possible Markers for Early Detection of Metastases in HCV Egyptian Patients Complicated By HCC
Yousri Hussein
1
Amal Gharib
2
Randa Mohamed
3
Mohamed Radwan
4
Wael Elsawy
5
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
Clinical oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
The dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells into the circulation playsa critical role in postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Early detection ofmetastatic tumor cells is critical to identify HCC patients at high risk of relapse.MAGE-3 and -4 genes were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chainreaction for the possibility of using them as new markers for early detection ofmetastases in 160 HCV Egyptian patients, 115 of them were complicated with HCC.The expression of MAGE-3 and MAGE-4 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients withmetastatic HCC, were 36 % and 52%, respectively. While the expression of MAGE-3and MAGE-4 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with localized HCC, were 12 %and 16%, respectively. Moreover at least one type of MAGE-3 or MAGE-4 mRNAwas found in the peripheral blood of 68% of the metastatic HCC patients and in 20%of the localized HCC patients. While neither the controls nor the cirrhotic patientsshow expression of MAGE-4 mRNA in their peripheral blood. MAGE-3 and MAGE-4may be a promising diagnostic tool for monitoring the prognosis of HCC patients andearly detection of occult hematogenous metastasis of HCC.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36311_1d1f29c0d95f02b0efeb537cc07e6580.pdf