The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of resveratrol on dipeptidylpeptidase 4 (DPP-4) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) enzymeactivities in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats, trying to find an explanationfor its hypoglycemic effect. Sixty male Wistar Albino rats were included in the presentstudy and classified into three groups, group I (control,non-diabetic), group II(diabetic group),group ІІІ (diabetic rats treated with resveratrol, 5 mg/kg bodyweight/day) for 30 days. After 30 days, blood was collected for determination of;serum glucose, insulin and DPP-4 enzyme activity. The liver was excised forestimation of liver glycogen and PEPCK enzyme activity. Serum glucose, DPP-4activity, and liver PEPCK activity were significantly increased but serum insulinand liver glycogen were significantly decreased in STZ treated group, while uponresveratrol treatment , they were all reversed with no significant difference betweengroup I and group III ( except for final fasting serum glucose level). Conclusion theantihyperglycemic effect of resveratrol may be related to its stimulatory effect oninsulin ,its suppressive effect on :either DPP-4, so increases the level of incretins withsubsequent increase in insulin release followed by lowering blood glucose level ,or itsinhibitory effect on PEPCK enzyme activity and subsequent decrease ingluconeogenesis, or, finally its stimulation of glucose utilization by increasingglycogen formation.