2024-03-29T04:29:54Z
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/?_action=export&rf=summon&issue=5826
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Nitric oxide and Malondialdehyde in Patients with Behcet’s Disease
Mona
Abdel Hamid
Nadia
Kashmiry
Mohamed
Marzouk
Objective:To determine the serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF), nitric oxide (NO) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with Behcet’s disease (BD). This study included 27 patients with Behcet's disease and 16 healthy control subjects. Serum (TNF-) was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) while serum NO oxide levels were determined by Griess reaction. The MDA levels were detected by thiobarbituric acidreaction. There was a significant increase in the levels of TNF-, NO and MDA in Behcet's disease patients compared to controls. No significant correlation was detected between TNF-and NO or MDA levels in patients or controls. A significantpositive correlation was detected between serum levels of NO and MDA in BD patients.This suggests that elevated levels of TNF-, NO and MDA may be related to the pathogenesis of Behcet's disease.
2008
12
01
1
8
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37007_272719b777cd156f44141fbc945ae2d2.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Role of β-Hydroxy-γ-Trimethylammonium Butyrate (L-carnitine) and Ubiquinone (CoQ10) in Combating the Deteriorative Effect of Halogenated Alkanes in Liver
Laila
Faddah
Atef
Abd El-Baky
Sanaa
Ibrahim
Asmaa
Bayoumi
Liver cirrhosis is one of the most dangerous health problems which results from various disorders that damage liver cells over time. The purpose of the current report was carried out to provide information about the liver injury induced by halogenated alkanes (CCl4), and to determine the influence of administration of L-carnitine or/and CoQ10as prophylactic agents against that injury. The study was carried out on 80 adult male albino rats divided into eight groups, 10 animals of each, as follows: four normalgroups (control, treated with L-carnitine, CoQ10, and a combination of L-carnitine and CoQ10) and four cirrhoticgroups treated with CCl4(control, pretreated with L-carnitine, CoQ10, and a combination of L-carnitine and CoQ10). Liver cirrhosis was induced by s.c. injection of a single dose of CCl4(1 ml/kg). L-carnitine (50 mg/kg/day) was given i.p. for four successive days 24 hours before CCl4injection, and CoQ10was given as single i.p. dose (200 mg/kg) 24 hours before CCl4injection. Animals were sacrificed 24 hours after CCl4injection, blood samples were withdrawn and liver tissue samples were homogenized. The studied parameters were: hepatic reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxides, ALT and AST activities, total protein, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in both serum (with its isozymes) and liver tissues. The injection of CCl4produced a significant decrease in reduced glutathione content and total protein levels in serum and liver cells. However, there was a significant increase in serum ALT and AST activities, lipid peroxides, serum and hepatic total LDH and serum LDH isoenzymes. On the other hand, groups treated with L-carnitine or/and CoQ10(prior to CCl4 injection) showed improvement in most parameters when compared with cirrhotic control group. It has been concluded that L-carnitine and coenzyme Q10have a pronounced prophylactic effect against liver damage induced by halogenated alkanes.
Coenzyme Q10
halogenated alkanes
L-carnitine
lipid peroxides
LDH and reduced glutathione
2008
12
01
9
22
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37012_f525f9384896535ef7c1e9b33943c426.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
A Potential Role for Ghrelin in Partial Sleep Deprivation Mediated Immunomodulation
Mary
Youssef
Mariam
Hanna
Laila
Rashed
The mechanisms through which sleep deprivation leads to impairment of the immune system are poorly elucidated. The objectives of the present work were to study the effects of the common, real-life situation - partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on some immune aspects particularly the serum level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) which is implicated to mediate sleep-immune interaction and to investigate the impact of ghrelin, a growth hormone releasing and orexigenic hormone, expressed by the stomach and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) on such interaction. Knowledge gained from basic research into sleep in animals has led to marked advances in the understanding of human sleep, with important diagnostic and therapeutic implications and neurobiological studies of sleep deprivation that require invasive procedures are facilitated by the development of animal models. Short-term PSD (7 days) and long-term PSD (14 days) were associated with an increase in total leukocytes, significant reduction in the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and a progressive increase in ghrelin mRNA expression by both the stomach and PBMCs compared to control group. Furthermore, a significant negative correlation was found between the level of IL-6 and the expression of ghrelin by PBMCs and stomach. Interestingly, recovery sleep for 4 days had significantly increased the levels of IL-6 and partially decreased the abnormalities in ghrelin expression of sleep-deprivation although it failed to return these parameters to control group levels. Considering the data presented herein, it seems plausible that sleep is a restorative process that is important for the proper secretion of IL-6 and suggest a functional role of ghrelin as a modulator of cytokine production in sleep restriction.
Sleep
ghrelin
IL-6
2008
12
01
23
44
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37019_a0f989a9c7791f08eb1a68a8f16df0f4.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Role of Taurine, Oxygen Therapy and their Mixture as Anti-cancer Agents on the N-nitrosodiethylamine (NED) Induced Cancer in Male Adult Rats
Mohamed
Heibashy
Walaa
El-Nahrawy
The present investigation was conducted to elucidate the effects of taurine or oxygen molecules (Aquagen) or their mixture as anticancer agents in rats which were injected with N-nitrosodiethylamine (NED) in the presence of phenobarbital to promote cancer induction. As a result ofcancer induction, serum tumor markers [Carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer antigen 19.9 (CA19.9)] were significantly elevated. On the other hand, glutathione (GSH) content and glutathione peroxidase (GpX) activity were decreased significantly in blood, liver, stomach and intestine. Liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and cytochrome P450activities were also decreased inthe cancer group of rats in comparison to the control group. The administration of taurine or oxygen molecules (Aquagen) improved all these alterations and the maximum ameliorating effects were exhibited in the rats treated with the mixture of the anti-oxidant agents. The results of this worke suggested that taurine or oxygen molecules (Aquagen) has an appreciable anti-cancer efficacy.
2008
12
01
45
60
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37024_486da2db77d26fa56c50ac81341c820d.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide, Homocysteine and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphism in Elderly Depressed and Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients
Manal
El-Batch
Mai
Eissa
Gihan
Farouk
Mohamed
Attia
There is increasing evidence that vascular disease contributes to cognitive impairment and depression. Secretion of N-Terminal pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide(NT-proBNP) increases in several cardiac illnesses, mak ing this neurohormone a reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomark er of cardiovascular risk . Homocysteine (Hcy) is harmful to neurons and blood vessels, including the cerebral microvasculature. It is possible that such effects contribute to the cascade of events that leads to cognitive decline, dementia, and depression in later life. Hcy is produced during the metabolism of the essential amino-acid methionine, its plasma level can be influenced by factors such as vitamin deficiency, renal function, and a common mutation in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, where cytosine is replaced by thymine (C→T) at nucleotide position 677. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of NT-proBNP, Hcy, folate , and MTHFR gene polymorphism in late life mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and depression, and to determine the association between homozygous carriers of the TT genotype and Hcyand NT-proBNP on one-hand and depressive and cognitive scores on other-hand. T he study included 60 elderly patients, they attended the Outpatient Clinic for treatment of depression (group I, n=32) and/or MCI (group II, n=28). In addition to a control group (group III, n=20) which matched to the patients with respect to age and gender with no previous history of psychiatric diseases. Both plasma NT-proBNP and Hcy levels were assayed by ELISA and folate levels were assayed byelectrochemiluminescene immunoassay, in addition MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism was evaluated using PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) using HinfI restriction enzyme. Both NT-proBNP and Hcy were significantly increased but folate was significantly decreased in the patients groups as compared to the control subjects. Both Hcy and NT-proBNP were significantly positively correlated with depression scores assessed by Hamilton Rating Scale of Depression (HRSD), but significantly negatively correlated with cognitive impairment assessed by Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score. The carriers of MTHFR, TT genotypes had an increased risk of developing depression and had significantly higher plasma level of both and NT-proBNP and Hcy than CT or CC patients genotypes (p<0.001).In conclusion: the MTHFR C677T gene variation may play an important role in the modulation of mood but does not contribute to genetic susceptibility to cognitive performance in later life. The MTHFR C677T mutation is associated with plasma Hcy and NT-proBNP levels. Elevated NT-proBNP and Hcy levels may play a role in link ing depression and /or MCI with increased cerebrovascular and/or cardio-vascular risk .
2008
12
01
61
80
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37030_433ab39554bd98f335cf128a2df38590.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Effects of Zinc Acetate on Thioacetamide–Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats
Bastway
M
Hasona
A
Abdel Hamid
H
The ameliorative activity of zinc acetate on thioacetamide–induced hepatotoxicity was studied in rats. Forty male rats were divided into four equal groups each of 10. Two groups were controls, one treated withthioacetamide and one with only distilled water. Two groups received zinc acetate and intraperitoneal (IP) thioacetamide (400 mg/kg b.wt.) either before or after administration of zinc acetate. Liver damage was assessed by estimation of plasma concentration of bilirubin and enzymes activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and hepatic glutathione, MDA levels; SOD and catalase activities. Treatment with zinc acetate signifcantly reduced thioacetamide–induced elevation in plasma bilirubin concentration and enzymes activities. It could be suggested that thioacetamide–induced liver damage in rats could be ameliorated by treatment with zinc acetate.
Hepatoprotective
Hepatotoxicity
Zinc acetate
Thioacetamide
[MDA] and [SOD]
2008
12
01
81
90
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37034_80dc514b89c48703e33762d0423733d1.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Protective and Therapeutic Effect of Green Tea (Camellia sinesis) against Rat Prostate Cancer
Mohamed
Heibashy
Amal
El-Nahla
Sherif
Saleh
This investigation was conducted to evaluate the protective and therapeutic effect of green tea to ameliorate the deleterious effects of prostate cancer in rats. The obtained data revealed a significant elevation in tumor markers (PSA, TAP and PAP levels) after induction of cancer prostate in rats in comparison with the normal control one. Also, there was a significant decrease in total testosterone, free testosterone and DHEA-S concentrations, but the serum MDA level was increased significantly in rats with cancer prostate as compared with the corresponding levels in control rats. On the other hand, administration of green tea before or/and after induction of prostate cancer in rats led to a considerable improvement in the previous parameters but, their values did not revert to normal level. Any how, the results of the present investigation showed that the green tea when taken before and after induction of cancer prostate gave the prophylactic and therapeutic effects. The underlying mechanisms through which green tea counteracted cancer prostate were discussed.
green tea
Prostate Cancer
tumor markers
Rats
2008
12
01
91
102
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37040_c1e1eceafbd455b74e16cbc114d72ad1.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Biochemical Marker of BoneTurnover (osteocalcin) and Its Relation with Salivary Secretion
Enas
El-Bendary
Sahar
El-Sawy
Maessa
El-Nahas
The aim of the present studyis to determine if saliva can be used as a marker of osteoporosis in overiectomized dogs and for the effect of hormone replacement therapy in this model. Eighteen female dogs were divided into three groups: Sham operated, ovariectomized (OVX) and ovariectomized treated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Unstimulated saliva was collected to measure flow rate ml/hour, outputs of α- amylase, total protein, bicarbonate and calcium. Bone turnover was estimated by measuring serum and salivary osteocalcin. The results of the present work showed that ovariectomy (OVX) produces a significant decrease in salivary flow rate and outputs of salivary constituents studied with significant negative correlation with both salivary and serum osteocalcin. While ovariectomy with hormone replacement therapy decrease salivary and serum osteocalcin and causes a significant increase in flow of saliva and outputs of all salivary parameters that show significant negative correlation with both osteocalcins, however the flow rate and outputs of all salivary constituents, serum and salivary osteocalcin does not return to sham operated level. In Conclusion the flow rate and output of these salivary parameters are improved by HRT and that whole saliva is considered as a valuable tool for assessing human marker of bone turnover.
Salivary secretion
Osteocalcin
2008
12
01
103
110
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37043_68c88d703e61904e61a535f7f51bfafa.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
A study of the Effect of Ghrelin on the Regulation of Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion in Male Albino Rats
Romysa
El-Sherbeny
Mahmoud
El-Gharieb
The present work was done to investigate the role of ghrelin in the regulation of pancreatic volume and protein secretion in anaesthetized male albino rats. The rats were divided into 4 equal groups: First group Is the control group. Second group: Pancreatic secretion was stimulated by infusion of wheat germ lectin, which is known to be a stimulus of cholicystokinin hormone release, preceded by ghrelin infusion and continued for one hour, this procedure was performed before and after acute subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Third group: was infused by 2-D-glucose, which acts as central vagal stimulant, preceded by ghrelin infusion and continued for one hour Fourth group: was infused by bethanechol, which is a cholinergic receptor agonist, preceded by ghrelin infusion and continued for one hour. Then the pancreatic secretion was collected after anaesthetizing male albino rat, through a cannula inserted in the common bile duct. The results showed significant increase of the protein content by wheat germ lectin infusion, through stimulation of cholicystokinin which stimulated pancreatic secretion, Ghrelin caused significant inhibition of protein secretion and this inhibition was continued after acute subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, Ghrelin also caused significantinhibition of the pancreatic protein secretion, which caused by central stimulation of vagus nerve by 2-D-glucose infusion. Also, ghrelin showed significantinhibition of the pancreatic protein secretion which caused by bethanechol, that acting as a muscarinic receptor agonist. It is concluded that ghrelin is a potent inhibitor of pancreatic exocrine protein secretion and the mechanism of its action may be directed at the level of the intra pancreatic neurotransmission.
2008
12
01
111
120
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37045_3fd5b7fd8eb701e9ade526ec19401e90.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
A study of the effects of crudeextract of purslane (rigla) on some aspects of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in normal and diabetic male albino rats
Salma
Nassar
Rezk
El-Kholy
Romysa
El-Sherbeny
This work was performed to study the effect of crude purslane extract on some aspects of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic male albino rats. Twenty four male albino rats, were categorized into four equal groups. Group (1): normal control rats, group (2): purslane treated rats in which the rats were administrated by purslane extract in a dose of 5 gm/kg orally for three weeks, group (3):diabetic control rats and group(4): diabetic rats treated by purslane, in which the rats were administrated by purslane extract for three weeks. At the end of the experiment,the rats were scarified and blood samples were collected .The results showed significant reduction in blood levels of triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL–cholesterol with significant increase in blood level of HDL–cholesterol, P<0.05, and non significant change in glucose or insulin level in purslane treated group compared with normal control group. There were significant reduction in blood levelof triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL–cholesterol with significant increase in blood levelof HDL–cholesterol, and non significant change in insulin level compared with the significant reduction in blood glucose level in purslane treated diabetic group compared with diabetic control group. It is concluded that crude purslane extract has beneficial effects on lipid and carbohydrates parameters both innormal and diabetic condition.
2008
12
01
121
132
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37048_4b08058795fa3d77eabdb622f52bb157.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
Evaluation of Heart-Type Fatty-Acid–Binding Protein for Early Detection of Intraoperative Cardiac Damage
Amira
Hassouna
Salwa
fayez
Emad
Sarawy
Mohamed
El-Badawy
Mohamed
Othman
Mohamed
Fawzy
Ayman
Moharram
Myocardial injury occurs inpatients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with and without cardiopulmonarybypass (CPB) (on-pump CABG) and (off-pump CABG) respectively. The extent of damage in both groups can be evaluated by the use of heart-type fatty-acid–binding protein (hFABP) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) release. Also, cardiac surgery with the use of extra corporealcirculation (ECC) is associated with oxidative stress. The present study aims to evaluate myocardial injury and oxidative stress in these two groups, comparing between the two parameters indicating cardiac damage, also oxidative stress status was assessed by estimating serum levels of isoprostane during these major operations. Fifty adult patients of either sex were distributed to 1 of 2 groups: on-pump (n= 25), in which coronary revascularization was done with the use of CPB and moderate hypothermia; and off-pump (n=25), in which surgery was performed without the use of CPB. Twenty five healthy control subjects were also enrolled in the study. The current study showed a significant increase in the mean serum levels of h-FABP in on- pump and off pump groups compared to the control group. (133.60±49.41,58.29±16.67 and 4.33±2.97ng/ml respectively, p<0.001), and in the on-pump CABG group compared to off-pump CABG group (133.60±49.41vs 58.29±16.670ng/ml, P<0.001). The total amount of CK-MB released was significantly higher in the on-pump group compared to the off-pump and control groups (210.80 ± 32 .47 , 20.19 ± 4.22 and 13.70± 1.64 U/ml respectively, P<0.001). While there was no significant difference in the serum levels of CK-MB between both off pump and control groups (20.19 ± 4.222 and 13.70± 1.64 U/ml. There was a significant increase in the mean levels of serum isoprostane in on- pump and off pump groups compared to the control group (431.14±51.525, 329.83±24.620 and 132.34±15.57ng/ml respectively, p<0.001), and in the on-pump group compared to the off pump group (431.14±51.52 vs 329.83±24.62 ng/ml P<0.001). The lower levels of hFABP in the off-pump CABG group indicate that on-pump CABG with cardioplegic arrest causes more myocardial damage than does off-pump CABG. While normal CK- MB levels in the off –pump group indicate that this marker cannot detect the minor damage in that group, a finding which was detected by hFABP which increased significantlyin the off-pump CABG group compared to the controls. So, hFABP could be considered a better marker for early intraoperative detection of minimal cardiac damage.
Coronary artery bypass grafting
on-pump CABG
off-pump CABG
hFABP
CK-MB
Oxidative Stress
2008
12
01
133
146
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37051_e351bcf36e2527e97d435eb494755005.pdf
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
BESPS
1110-0842
1110-0842
2008
28
2
A Study on the Effects of Stress of Pain and Ethanol on the Reproductive Function and Beta-endorphin Release in Mature Female Albino Rats and Their Offspring
Romysa
El-Sherbeny
Mohamed
Abdel Rahman
The present work was performed to investigate the effect of acute and chronic stress of pain and ethanol on the reproductive function, hormonal response and βendorphin release in non pregnant, and pregnant female albino rats and their offspring. This study was performed on 60 mature female albino rats divided into two groups, non pregnant group and pregnant group, each group is subdivided into 3 groups: 1-Control group 2- Acute stress group in which the rats were exposed to stress of pain for one hour or ethanol injection 3-Chronic group in which the rats were exposed to stress of pain for one hour or ethanol injection daily for one week. The pregnant group was subdivided in the same manner into three groups, and the resulted neonates were divided according their mothers into three groups. At the end of experiment, the normal rats and neonates of pregnant rats were decapitated, and blood samples were collected. The pregnant rat's blood was collected from retro orbital plexus. Then serum was separated and used for determination of serum progesterone, estrogen, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), serotonin and βendorphin levels. Tissue samples were taken from normal group by opening of the abdominal cavity. Ovaries, ovarian ducts and uterus were excised for histological examination. The results revealed significant increase in progesterone, estrogen, LH, FSH and serotonin, and significant reduction in βendorphin levels in acute non pregnant and pregnant groups. The chronic pregnant and non pregnant groups showed, significant reduction in progesterone, estrogen and LH and significant increase in FSH, serotonin and βendorphin levels.. βendorphin of neonates showed significant reduction in neonates of rats exposed to chronic ethanol injection and significant increase in neonates of rats exposed to chronic pain. Histological examination showed reduction of uterine vascularity, leucocytes infiltration, in rats exposed to acute stress of pain and ethanol injection. The chronic groups showed dilated uterine lumen, increased uterine vascularity, leucocytes infiltration and increased viable corpora lutea. It is concluded thatthe application of stress of pain or injection of ethanol to female albino rats caused disturbance of reproductive function. Also, ethanol injection to pregnant rats caused suppression in βendorphin release in their offspring,, which may be due to apoptotic death of neurons secreting βendorphin.
2008
12
01
147
158
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_37054_8ed8304d5ed6b9bd9e23dce4aa2d7be9.pdf