Modulation of Fetuin-A by Estrogen and Caloric Restriction in Experimental Rat Model of Menopause
Doaa
Samya
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
author
Nahed
El Sokkary
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
author
text
article
2015
eng
Background and objectives: Menopause is accompanied by higher prevalence of atherogenic lipid profiles, central obesity, and insulin resistance. Hepatic steatosis is frequent in postmenopausal women. Fetuin-A level is strongly related to liver fat content. Its role in menopausal metabolic derangements is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the relation between fetuin-A and the development of menopausal metabolic complications related to obesity and if caloric restriction/estrogen supplementation could alleviate these abnormalities. Methods: Adult female Wistar rats were either bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) (30 rats) or sham operated (sham group, n=10 rats). OVX rats were randomly subdivided into ovariectomized group (OVX), ovariectomized group treated with 17-β estradiol (OVX+E2), and ovariectomized- caloric restricted group (OVX+CR) (n=10/group). Thirteen weeks following surgery, serum levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, fetuin-A and adiponectin were estimated. Weight of visceral fat and triacylglycerol (TAG) content of liver were assessed. Results: Serum fetuin-A level was increased following ovariectomy (113%, P<0.001). This was associated with increased visceral adiposity, abnormal lipid profile, insulin resistance, hypoadiponectinaemia and excessive accumulation of hepatic triacylglycerol (TAG). However, estrogen (E2) supplementation/caloric restriction (CR) significantly suppressed elevated Fetuin-A (by 41.9%, P<0.001 and 31.2%, P<0.001, respectively). In addition, CR was equally effective as E2 replacement in reversing metabolic abnormalities. Conclusion: Fetuin-A could be one of the factors contributing to the development of metabolic complications related to menopausal obesity. Caloric restriction alone can ameliorate those complications without the hazardous effects of estrogen replacement; possibly, through inhibition of serum fetuin-A level.
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
35
v.
1
no.
2015
1
15
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_28992_5fe1a5e71f8fcaad7eb04fa0a5314639.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/besps.2015.28992
Effects of Post Exercise Meal Timing on Glucose Homeostasis in Trained Obese and Non-Obese Rats
Saad
Taha
Departments of Physiology, Al-Azhar, El-Minia Faculty of Medicine
author
Merhan
Ragy
Department of Physiology, Al-Azhar, El-Minia Faculty of Medicine
author
Ahmed
Mahmoud
Department of Physiology, Al-Azhar, Sohag Faculties of Medicine
author
text
article
2015
eng
Background: Obesity is a risk factor for obesity-related disorders such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. That obesity could hinder the individual work capacity and the cost for managing obesity complications. Aim of Work: was to study the effect of diet induced obesity and swimming on the plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, body mass index (BMI), muscle mass and muscle glycogen, and fat tissue weight according to meal timing. Materials and Methods: Sixty Sprague dawely adult rats were randomized into two equal groups control group and obese group. The first was exposed for induction of obesity by hyper caloric diet and the other completes the standard one. At the end of the 12th week of age, rats started the exercise program for three months. The immediate group receives their meals immediately after exercise and the delayed one receive their meals three hours later. Then after receiving their meal, free access to food was allowed. Samples of blood were taken from all animals at the beginning and at the end of experiment and examined for plasma glucose and plasma insulin. Insulin resistance was estimated by HOMA-IR formula. Results: Immediate feeding after the exercise bout produced greater increase in muscle bulk and muscle glycogen, with decreased fat tissue weight in comparison with that of the corresponding delayed feeding either on obese and control groups Conclusion: Immediate meal timing was a powerful strategy to improve glucose homeostasis. Data of the present study showed that muscle bulk was greater with lower fat tissue weight in the immediate feeding group versus the delayed one.
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
35
v.
1
no.
2015
16
28
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_28993_a06244763001a932f0b9c334c6288555.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/besps.2015.28993
Role of Melatonin in Arterial Blood Pressure Modulations and Renal Damage Induced By Ethanol Consumption in Adult Male Rats
Ebtihal
Abd El-Aziz
Department of Physiology. Faculty of Medicine. Assiut University. Egypt.
author
text
article
2015
eng
Background and objectives: Ethanol exposure produces hypertension and many changes in the kidney. Melatonin has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study is to detect the role of melatonin on arterial blood pressure (ABP) and its probable protective effects against renal dysfunction induced by ethanol in adult male rats. In addition, the possible involved mechanisms of melatonin using biochemical and histopathological methods were evaluated. Methods: Forty eight rats divided into three groups; control, ethanol treated and melatonin + ethanol treated groups. Half of the animals were sacrificed after six weeks (6Ws) and the other after twelve weeks (12Ws) for each group. Ethanol treated group: the animals of this group received 10 ml/kg of BW 30% ethanol by intra-gastric tube at alternate days. Melatonin+ ethanol treated group: the animals of this group received the pervious ethanol dose and 5 mg/kg melatonin injected subcutaneously at alternate days. Results: In ethanol treated group after the 6th and 12th week, there were significant decreased body weight (BW), significant increased (ABP) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). However, after the 6thW serum urea, creatinine, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and renal caspase-3 activity were not significantly changed, but these parameters were significantly increased except VEGF which significantly decreased at (12Ws). In ethanol treated group for 6Ws and 12Ws dilatation, congestion of the peritubular vessels and dilated bowman’s spaces were obvious. Dilated tubules lined by thinner epithelium with degenerated cells at some areas were also noticed. Degeneration and necrosis of renal tubular epithelia were more obvious following twelve weeks ethanol treatment. These damaging changes reflected toxic effects of ethanol with the duration of exposure. These parameters and histopathological effects were ameliorated by the melatonin. Conclusion: Melatonin has a protective role in elevated (ABP) and renal damage induced by ethanol.
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
35
v.
1
no.
2015
29
45
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_28994_46f29b9abbc3d1bc3dd26bd84c801a86.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/besps.2015.28994