Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Alpha- Lipoic Acid in Collagen II-induced Arthritis in Rats
1
20
EN
Mona
El-Karn
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University
10.21608/besps.2010.36294
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a progressive, chronic inflammatory<br />disease with uncertain pathogenesis. It is characterized by polyarthritis and high<br />concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines. There is a growing body of evidence<br />indicates that free radicals play an important role in the pathophysiology of the<br />chronic inflammatory state associated with rheumatoid arthritis. Alpha-lipoic acid<br />(α-LA) is a naturally occurring dithiol compound which is known to elicit a unique set<br />of biochemical activities with potential potent biological antioxidant effect. Also, it<br />may play a role in modulation of various inflammatory signaling pathways.<br />Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of alpha-lipoic acid (α-<br />LA), to attenuate the development of rheumatoid arthritis in rat model of collageninduced<br />arthritis. Also, the study discussed the possible mechanisms by which α-LA<br />can alleviate the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: The study was carried on<br />30 of female rats divided into 3 groups: control group (group I), Collagen II-induced<br />arthritis group (group II) and CII + alpha lipoic acid treated group (group III).<br />Rheumatoid arthritis was induced in rats of group II by immunization<br />with100μg/100μl of emulsion of bovine collagen II in the base of the tail. Rats of<br />group III were injected by CII, and received α-LA daily (100 mg/kg/day/<br />intraperitonially) for 42 day. Clinical evaluation of arthritis and follow up of body<br />weight was done in all groups throughout the experiment to assess the development<br />and severity of arthritis. Biochemical analysis of blood samples of all groups has<br />been done to evaluate some markers of oxidative stress and inflammation markers.<br />So, plasma levels of lipid peroxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide<br />dismutase (SOD) were measured for the evaluation of oxidative stress. Also, plasma<br />levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis<br />factor- (TNF-) were measured for evaluation of inflammation. Results:<br />By end of the study, injection of rats of group II with collagen II induced arthritic<br />manifestations in all rats of this group with gradually progressive decrease of mean<br />body weight continued till end of the experiment. Treatment of rats of group III with<br />α-LA led to improvement of most of the clinical arthritic parameters with significant<br />attenuation in body weight loss in this group as compared to rats of group II. There is<br />a significant increase in plasma level of oxidative stress markers in all rats of group<br />II as indicated by increased serum level of lipid peroxides (LPO) and nitric oxide<br />(NO), with a significant reduction in plasma level of superoxide dismutase (SOD)<br />when compared with levels of control group. Also, the study revealed a significant<br />increase in plasma level of inflammatory markers e.g., prostaglandin and C-reactive<br />protein (PGE2 and CRP) as well as increase in plasma level of the pro-inflammatory<br />cytokine; TNF-α in CIA rats (group II). Administration of α-LA to rats of group III
induced significant reduction of plasma level of LPO and NO with significant<br />increase in plasma level of SOD as compared with group II. Additionally, there is a<br />significant reduction in plasma levels of the measured inflammatory markers ((PGE2,<br />CRP and TNF-α) in rats of group III as compared with group II. Conclusion: It could<br />be concluded that α-LA has a role to prevent oxidative stress and to support<br />antioxidant system against oxidative damage in collagen-induced arthritis model rats.<br />Also, amelioration of joint damage in CIA rats by α-LA was associated with inhibition<br />of inflammatory process as indicated by lowering plasma level of TNF-α,<br />prostaglandin and C-reactive protein. Results of the present study indicate that α-LA<br />may be a new adjunctive therapy for rheumatoid arthritis as it has a potent<br />antioxidant as well as anti-inflammatory effect. Collectively, these findings may<br />encourage further exploration of the usefulness of lipoic acid in arthritis.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36294.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36294_ae1e65a33191d9355d0e4fe6d12b8499.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Thrombophilic Genes Mutations in Preeclampsia
21
34
EN
Gamal
Othman
Medical Biochemistry Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Abd Elnaser
badawy
Medical Biochemistry Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Rizk
Elbaz
Genetic Unit of Pediatric Dept. , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Ahmad
Ragab
Gynecology and Obstetric Dept., Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
10.21608/besps.2010.36295
<strong></strong>
Background: Preeclampsia is a multisystem disorder involving vasoconstriction and<br />hypertension in the mother and decreased blood flow. There are inconsistent reports<br />on whether there is an association between preeclampsia and thrombophilia. The<br />Aim of the Study: The present study aimed to determine the relationship of mutations<br />of factor V Leiden, prothrombin and methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR)<br />genes in Egyptian preeclamptic patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty six<br />preeclamptic women and 48 normal pregnant women were tested for detection of<br />mutations of factor V Leiden (FVL), prothrombin and methylene tetrahydrofolate<br />reductase genes by genotyping using multiplex allele specific PCR, restriction<br />enzymes and agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: There was significant association<br />between mutations of factor V Leiden gene in preeclamptic patients (8 positive cases<br />out of 56) compared with control cases (No positive cases out of 48), prothrombin<br />gene in preeclamptic patients (22 positive cases out of 56) compared with control<br />cases (only one positive case out of 48), while, no significant association between<br />mutations of methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T or A1298C in<br />preeclamptic patients when compared with control cases. Conclusion: This study<br />suggests the existence of a linkage between FVL, prothrombin genes polymorphism<br />but not MTHF reductase genes polymorphism in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36295.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36295_a3b3473842df972be4454daad2591cfd.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Immunopathological study of Egyptian Patients with Chronic HCV Infection, Role of α-defensin, RANTES, and TNF-α
35
46
EN
Gamal
Othman
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Ayman
Elbaz
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Khaled
Farid
Department of Tropical Medicine,
Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Ashraf
Omar
Department of
Internal Medicine , Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
Mohamed
Arafa
Department of Pathology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine
10.21608/besps.2010.36296
Background: Hepatitis C virus infection and its associated liver inflammatory<br />disease is a major global health problem affecting over 170 million people<br />worldwide. Following viral infection, multiple pro-inflammatory mediators contribute<br />to recruitment of immune cells to the liver and to the generation of an anti-viral<br />immune response. Multiple recent publications mark chemokines and their receptors<br />as key players in leukocyte recirculation through the inflamed liver. Furthermore,<br />chemokines may also be involved in liver regeneration, fibrosis, and in malignant<br />transformation, which is induced by the persistence of inflammation. The Aim of this<br />Study: The present study aimed to measure serum TNF-α, RANTES and α-defensins<br />levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C and to estimate their relation to HCV<br />viremia as well as grade of liver inflammation and stage of fibrosis. Materials and<br />Methods: 40 patients with chronic HCV and 20 normal controls were tested for liver<br />function tests (Albumin, ALT, AST, ALP, Bilirubin), prothrombin activity, FBS,<br />creatinine, CBC, AFP, HCV RNA, RANTES, TNF-α and α-defensins. Results: There<br />were significant increase of serum levels of α-Defensins, RANTES and TNF-α in<br />patients with chronic HCV infection compared with control group (P<0.05). α-<br />defensins and RANTES showed significant positive correlation with HCV RNA viral<br />load, grade of activity and stage of fibrosis while TNF-α showed significant positive<br />correlation with grade of activity and stage of fibrosis only. Conclusion: The high<br />linear correlation of levels of α-Defensins, RANTES and TNF- with stage of liver<br />fibrosis and grade of activity makes the measurement of these peptides reliable<br />markers to evaluate liver fibrosis stage. The effects of these peptides need further<br />studies and researches on a wide scale to clarify their possible mechanisms.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36296.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36296_8a6ce14d4212712390b2407da3573d3e.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
The Role of Some Antioxidants in Diabetes Mellitus Induced in Rats
47
64
EN
Nagy
Tawfek
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
Mahmoud
Elrehany
Department of Biochemistry,
Faculty of Medicine, El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
Hanaa
Hassan
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science , El-Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
10.21608/besps.2010.36298
The aim of the present study was to examine the involvement of oxidative stress in the<br />progression of pancreatic β-cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes and to evaluate the<br />potential usefulness of some antioxidants supplementation in the treatment of type 1<br />diabetes. The severity of diabetes in the different groups has been studied in relation<br />to the level of cytokines released during the oxidative stress. The present study was<br />achieved using 24 male Sprague Dawley albino rats. Rats were divided into three<br />groups: normal control rats, diabetic control rats, and diabetic rats received mixture<br />of antioxidants. A mixture of antioxidants [N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), alpha-lipoic acid<br />(LA), vitamin E and vitamin C] was orally administered daily to cyclophosphamideinduced<br />diabetic rats for a period of two months. The results revealed that diabetic<br />rats had significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration and<br />transcription nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-кβ) concentration, as compared to<br />normal control rats. After treatment of diabetic rats with the antioxidants for two<br />months, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa beta (NF-кβ)<br />concentrations showed a highly significant decrease (p< 0.001) when compared with<br />the diabetic control group. Histological analysis of the pancreas revealed that the<br />antioxidants treatment preserved the normal morphology of Islets of pancreas, and β-<br />cell mass when compared with diabetic rats. The combination of these antioxidants<br />was more effective in suppression of apoptosis which was associated with the<br />development of type 1 diabetes. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated that<br />antioxidants protect β-cell from cytokine induced dysfunction and death through<br />inhibition of specific nuclear factor –кβ activity which was more visible in the nuclei<br />of Islet cells in diabetic rats than antioxidants-treated rats. On the basis of the present<br />results it could be concluded that [N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC), alpha-lipoic acid (LA),<br />vitamin E and vitamin C] restored the activities of the above parameters in different<br />ways, depending on special mechanism in each one. Supplementation of antioxidants<br />at once after diagnosis of diabetes may delay the complications of diabetes. This<br />finding suggests a potential usefulness of antioxidants for treating diabetes and<br />provides further support for the implication of oxidative stress in β-cell dysfunction in<br />diabetes by providing protection against hyperglycemia.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36298.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36298_fe54e2f554bdd1a33e5fdd44c2e6789b.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Effect of Long Term Excessive Iodine Intake on Thyroid Function and Oxidative Stress in Euthyroid and Hypothyroid Rats
65
86
EN
Amr
Abbas
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Abd El-Aziz
Hussein
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Gehan
El Wakil
Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Ayman
Elsamanoudy
Department of Medical Biochemistry
, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
Aza
Abd El Aziz
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
10.21608/besps.2010.36299
Background and aim of work: The aim of the current study was to investigate the<br />effects of long term excessive iodine intake on gene expression of thyroidal sodium<br />iodide symporter (NIS), D1 deiodinase and thyroid peroxidase (TPO), thyroid<br />hormones, oxidative injury and anti-oxidative ability of euthyroid and hypothyroid<br />Sprague Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: Ninety rats were divided into<br />euthyroid and hypothyroid (thiocyanate induced) groups with or without<br />administration of excess iodine (3000 or 6000 μg/l) for 4 weeks. Serum thyroxine (T4),<br />triiodothyronine (T3), TSH, thyroid antioxidants ((glutathione S transferase, catalase,<br />superoxide dismutase enzymes, nitric oxide and total antioxidants), lipid peroxide<br />(malondialdehyde, MDA) were measured. RT-PCR gene expression for thyroidal NIS,<br />D1 deiodinase and TPO were performed. Results: Thiocyanate significantly<br />decreased thyroid hormones (T3, T4), increased lipid peroxides and antioxidants,<br />increased gene expression of NIS, D1 deiodinase, TPO. High iodine intake to<br />hypothyroid rats significantly decreased NIS, D1 deiodinase and TPO genes<br />expression. Excess iodine significantly increased MDA and antioxidants in euthyroid<br />and hypothyroid rats. Despite the increase in T4 in euthyroid rats administered excess<br />iodine, T3 decreased whereas in hypothyroid rats, both of them were increased. NIS,<br />and D1 deiodinase genes expression in euthyroid rats administered excess iodine<br />were decreased but TPO was non-significantly increased. Conclusion:<br />Hypothyroidism increased gene expression of NIS, TPO, and induces an oxidative<br />stress. High iodine intake decreased NIS and D1 deiodinase gene expression in<br />euthyroid and hypothyroid rats. Moreover, excess iodine increase thyroid hormones,<br />lipid peroxides and antioxidants in cases of euthyroid and hypothyroid rats.<br />Therefore, screening of thyroid function and assessment of prooxidant/antioxidant<br />status in subjects treated with drugs containing iodine and after investigations with<br />contrast media are recommended.
excess iodine,thyroid hormones,Oxidative Stress,euthyroid,hypothyroid
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36299.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36299_f9706c097c4fbd1cda45c9a271f95437.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Antagonistic Effects of Selenium (Se) and Vitamin C against the Hepatotoxic Effects of AFB l in Rats
87
110
EN
Salwa
Abaskhroun
Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Hala
Hamouda
Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Ayman
Wagih
Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Rania
Emam
Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Mona
Abd El-Azem
Pathology Department,
Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
10.21608/besps.2010.36301
Objective: Aflatoxins (AFs) a group of mycotoxins, are produced by the filamentous<br />fungi Aspergillus, particularly flavus and parasiticus. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most<br />prevalent and the most potent of these toxins, which has potent hepatotoxic and<br />hepatocarcinogenic properties in animals and humans. Because of the wide spread of<br />AFB1 contaminated food and feeds and because of its hepatotoxicity, the present<br />experimental study was carried out. Aim of the study: The aim of the present study<br />was to highlight the antagonistic effects of selenium (Se) and vitamin C against the<br />hepatotoxic effect of AFB1 as they have a role in prevention of formation of<br />carcinogens from precursor compounds and they are natural antioxidants.Materials<br />and methods: The study was carried out on 85 white male albino rats divided into;<br />Group I (control group):10 rats received I.P injection of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)<br />for 15 days. Group II: 45 rats received I.P injection of AFB1 for 15 days and then<br />subdivided into three equal subgroups; Group II a: received regular diet, group II b:<br />received Se orally for 15 days. Group II c: received vitamin C orally for 15 days.<br />Group III: received Se orally for 15 days during and 15 days after AFB1 injection.<br />Group IV: received vitamin C orally for 15 days during and 15 days after AFB1<br />injection. All groups were subjected to measurements of the following; liver function<br />tests, serum & liver tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione<br />(GSH), and the activity of serum &liver tissue glutathione S- transferase enzyme<br />(GST) and paraoxonase1 (PON1) enzymes. Liver specimens were examined<br />histopathologically. Results: The present study confirmed the hepatotoxicity of AFB1,<br />as marked by the significant increase of serum AST, ALT enzymes activities and<br />decrease serum albumin which is confirmed by histopathological study of liver<br />tissues. Serum and liver tissue MDA levels were significantly increased in AFB1<br />treated animals. There was significant increase of the inducible enzyme GST activity<br />and significant decrease of GSH level in AFB1 treated groups. There was significant<br />decrease in PON1 enzyme activity in both serum and hepatic tissue. Se and vitamin C<br />were effective only when given with and after the xenobiotic treatment for another 15<br />days. They caused significant decrease of serum activity of AST, ALT and increase in<br />serum albumin. They also caused a significant decrease in MDA level and GST<br />enzyme activity with significant increase of GSH level and PON1 enzyme activity in<br />both serum and liver tissues. Conclusion: All the above findings confirm the<br />protective role of Se and vitamin C on the hepatotoxicity caused by AFB1.
Selenium (Se),Malondialdehyde (MDA),reduced glutathione (GSH),glutathione S- transferase enzyme (GST) paraoxonase1 (PON1)
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36301.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36301_b78d948a30fc7c04b11e2b3135a52e2f.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
ASSOCIATION OF ESTROGEN RECEPTOR Α PVU II AND XBAI GENE POLYMORPHISMS WITH BREAST CANCER RISK; RELATION TO THE AGE OF MENARCHE AND MENOPAUSE
111
124
EN
Magdy
AL-Tahhan
From Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
Etewa
L.
From Medical Biochemistry Department,
Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
Doaa
Refaat
General Surgery Department,
Faculty of Medicine-Zagazig University
10.21608/besps.2010.36302
The association of estrogen receptor-α (ER-α) genetic polymorphisms with the risk of<br />breast cancer attracts much attention because ER functions as a hormone-dependent<br />transcriptional regulator, which in turn, plays a significant role in the development of<br />breast cancer. This study was conducted to find if there is an association between<br />genetic polymorphisms in the ER-α gene and breast cancer in Egyptian females and<br />its relation to the age of menarche and menopause. A total of 50 breast cancer<br />Egyptian women and 25 age-matched healthy controls were involved in the study.<br />PvuII and XbaI polymorphisms of ER-α gene were genotyped by polymerase chain<br />reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Pp/pp genotypes were found in<br />84% of patients and in 56% of controls; and the homozygous wild PP genotype was<br />found in 16% of patients, and 44% of controls. There was highly significant increase<br />in the risk of breast cancer with the presence of PvuII restriction site (Pp/pp<br />genotypes) compared with absence of restriction site (PP genotype) (P = 0.008).<br />There was statistically significant decrease in the age of menarche (P = 0.021) and<br />insignificant differences in the age of menopause of all participant women with<br />presence of PvuII restriction site. Xx/xx genotypes were found in 84% of patients and<br />in 76% of controls; and XX genotype was found in 16% of patients and in 24% of<br />controls. There was insignificant difference in genotype frequency of the ER-α XbaI<br />polymorphism between patients and controls (P = 0.157). There was statistically very<br />highly significant decrease in the age of menarche (P<0.001) and insignificant<br />differences in the age of menopause of all participant women with presence of XbaI<br />restriction site. From the present study, it could be concluded that genetic<br />polymorphisms in the ER-α gene may play a role in the etiology of breast cancer in<br />Egyptian women and may be a genetic determinants of the age of menarche.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36302.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36302_a648af290197d6a18b72f3800c792058.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Cardiovascular Functions and Dopamine: Mechanism of Action in Adult Male Anesthetized Balady Rabbits
125
148
EN
Enas
Hamed
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,
Assiut, Egypt
eah3a2010@yahoo.com
Emtethal
Moustafa
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,
Assiut, Egypt
Nashwa
Abd El-Mottalib
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University,
Assiut, Egypt
10.21608/besps.2010.36304
This study aimed to elucidate mechanism(s) that mediate dopamine regulation of<br />cardiovascular system (CVS) functions. Forty eight adult male anesthetized Balady<br />rabbits (4 experiments, 8 groups, 6 animals each) were included. Experiment I<br />assessed the effect of intravenous (iv) dopamine infusion (0.1, 1, 4 and 12 μg/kg/min)<br />on diastolic (DBP), systolic (SBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), heart rate (HR),<br />cardiac contractility (CC) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA). Experiment<br />II assessed the effect of dopamine infusion on ventricular sarcomere length.<br />Experiment III confirmed the contribution of dopamine receptor subtype(s).<br />Experiment IV evaluated adrenergic receptors involved in dopamine's action. Mean<br />BP, CC, HR and RSNA were recorded by physiograph. At low dopamine infusion rate<br />DBP, MBP, CC and RSNA were decreased; while sarcomere length and A:I ratio<br />were increased. At high dopamine infusion rate DBP, SBP, MBP, HR and CC were<br />increased while; sarcomere length and A:I ratio were decreased. D1-like receptor<br />activation decreased MBP; while D2-like receptor activation decreased MBP, CC,<br />and RSNA. Both D1-and D2-like receptors blockade attenuated hypotensive response,<br />whereas CC was abolished by D2 receptor blockade. Mean BP, HR and CC were not<br />changed after D1- and D2-like receptors blockade, but decreased after D1- and D2 like<br />receptors activation. Low dopamine infusion into animals pre-treated with α-<br />adrenoceptor blockade (reserpine) or β-adrenoceptor blockade (propranolol)<br />decreased MBP and CC whereas, with high dopamine infusion, the HR and CC were<br />increased after α-adrenoceptor blockade and MBP was increased after β-<br />adrenoceptor blockade. From this study, we can conclude that dopamine elicits<br />biphasic effect on CVS. Low dopamine doses acts via stimulation of D1- and D2- like<br />receptors. With increasing dose, actions occur via stimulation of α- and β-adrenergic<br />receptors. Normal endogenous dopamine may not alter basal cardiovascular<br />functions.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36304.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36304_72718d932e86d765e758c377a218116d.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
CIRCULATING LEVELS OF sCD40L, sFas, VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC ISCHEMIC HEART FAILURE IN MALE PATIENTS
149
163
EN
Magdy
Al-Tahhan
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University.
Etewa
L
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University.
Amal
Aziz
Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University
Abd El Aziz
Gomaa
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University
10.21608/besps.2010.36305
Background and aim of work: Immunomodulatory mediators play a crucial role in<br />the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1)<br />and intercellular adhesion molecule-l (ICAM-1) are important inflammatory<br />mediators of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium and their plasma levles<br />increase in chronic and acute inflammation. Furthermore, the immune modulators<br />CD40 ligand (CD40L) and sFas have been receiving increased attention, since they<br />play a key role in the pathophysiology of multicellular vascular events such as<br />thrombosis, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. Based on the previous facts, we<br />planned to evaluate the role of plasma VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and serum soluble CD40L<br />(sCD40L) and sFas in HF. Subjects and methods: The present study was done on 30<br />male patients with HF who were classified according to the type of HF to: 15 patients<br />with chronic HF (CHF) due to ischemic causes and 15 patients with acute myocardial<br />infarction (AMI) complicated with HF during acute phase (AHF). Ten age-matched<br />healthy male volunteers were taken as controls. Plasma levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1,<br />and serum levels of sCD40L and sFas were measured in all groups. Lipid profile,<br />creatine phosphokinase and its MB fraction were also measured. Results: There were<br />significant increase in plasma levels of VCAM-1 (P<0.05), ICAM-1 (P<0.001), and<br />serum levels of sCD40L (P<0.001) and sFas (P<0.001) in both CHF and AHF<br />patients compared to control subjects. There was a significant positive correlation<br />between VCAM-1 and sCD40L, as well as sFas in CHF (r = 0.46, P = 0.03 and r =<br />0.47, P = 0.02 respectively) and a significant positive correlation between ICAM-1<br />and sCD40L, as well as sFas in AHF (r = 0.551, P<0.01 and r = 0.49, P = 0.012<br />respectively). Also, there was a positive significant correlation between sCD40L and<br />low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both CHF and AHF cases (P<0.05).<br />Conclusion: sCD40L, sFas, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 could be used as markers that<br />might predict cardiovascular events in patients with chronic and acute heart diseases.
sCD40L,sFas,VCAM-1 and ICAM-1,Heart failure
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36305.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36305_2c9e074d6d9562b4eff64bd4703b259d.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Comparative Study of the Protective Effects of Taurine and Melatonin on Cytochrome P450 2E1 and some Oxidative Stress Markers in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
165
182
EN
Manal
El-Batch
Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Azza
Hassan
Microbiology & Immunlogy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
Heba
Mahmoud
Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University
10.21608/besps.2010.36306
Melatonin and taurine have alleviative effects in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced<br />diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into non-diabetic, diabetic, diabetic<br />melatonin (administered at 200 μg/kg/day dissolved in 0.5 ml of normal saline) and<br />diabetic taurine (administered at 2% in the drinking water) supplemented groups. At<br />the end of the study, blood was collected and used for determination of glucose, total<br />cholesterol, triglyceride levels, liver enzymes (ALT and AST), β-hydroxybutyrate (β-<br />HB), in addition to advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) level, and<br />paraoxonase (PON1) enzyme activity. Also, liver tissue was examined for<br />malondialdhyde (MDA) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzyme activity and<br />cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) both enzyme activity and gene expression. Light<br />microscopy pictures of liver tissue were also evaluated for signs of its damage. An<br />increased CYP2E1 activity and gene expression with a concomitant significant<br />change in oxidative stress parameters were found in STZ-induced diabetic rats,<br />suggesting the possible diabetes-induced injury. Taurine or melatonin<br />supplementation to the diabetic rats alleviated these experimental parameters with<br />more significant effect for taurine than that of melatonin. Suppression of β-HB<br />production by taurine can be one of the mechanisms of reduction in CYP2E1.<br />Conclusion: Taurine has the capabilities more than melatonin in protecting the liver<br />from the hepatic injury induced by type 1 diabetes, by reducing the oxidative stress<br />and restoring CYP2E1 activity and gene expression, suggesting hepatic protective<br />nature of taurine in diabetic rats. Therefore antioxidants might prove beneficial as an<br />adjuvant treatment to insulin in type 1 diabetes associated with manifestations of liver<br />injury.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36306.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36306_26a186d3be3c7a7de06064b04e09d7b8.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Ginger Mitigates Total Sleep Deprivation Adverse Effects: A Curative Effect of Recovery Sleep
183
198
EN
Ahmed
Shehata
Physiology Department- National Organization for Drug Control and
Research, Egypt
10.21608/besps.2010.36307
The present study aimed to explore the biochemical, hematological and histological<br />effects of sleep deprivation and effect of aqueous extract of ginger and recovery sleep in<br />rats. Adult male rats were sleep deprived for a period of 5 days using grid suspended over<br />water method. Aqueous ginger extract (500 mg/kg/day, p.o) was administered for 8 days,<br />starting 3 days before sleep deprivation. Recovery sleep was allowed for two days. Sleep<br />deprivation insignificantly increased corticosterone, significantly elevated levels of<br />malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls, decreased levels of ascorbic acid, reduced<br />glutathione (GSH) and depressed total antioxidant activity in blood plasma and heart. In<br />addition, sleep deprivation increased level of total IgGs, elevated total count of leucocytes<br />and differential (neutrophils and lymphocytes). Besides, sleep deprivation caused<br />extravasations of Evan's blue dye in the brain tissues (brain cortex, midbrain and brain<br />stem). Moreover, sleep deprivation induced histological abnormalities in cardiac tissue<br />manifested as inflammation, hemorrhage and degeneration of cardiomyocytes. Ginger<br />extract significantly offered protection against the harmful effects of sleep deprivation.<br />Recovery sleep had a restorative effect of the normal levels of most tested parameters. The<br />study indicated that sleep deprivation caused harmful effects independent of stress<br />earnings, by inducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction leading to damage in the<br />cardiac tissue and temporally breakdown in the blood brain barrier. It's worthy to note<br />that ginger offered protection while recovery sleep had a restorative effect against sleep<br />deprivation effects.
Sleep deprivation,Ginger,recovery sleep,Blood,heart,Brain
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36307.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36307_4708dd25268f164688ebedda2644aca8.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Effect of Chronic Hypoxia on Carotid Vascular Responses to Adenosine in Rats
199
212
EN
Nisreen
Abo-Elmaaty
Physiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine,
Al Mansoura University, Egypt
nisreenomar@hotmail.com
10.21608/besps.2010.36308
Aim of the work: the present study aims at testing whether chronic hypoxia alters the<br />dilator vascular responses of rat carotid circulation to adenosine-evoked fall in<br />arterial blood pressure (ABP). The arterial blood pressure was lowered to the lower<br />limit of cerebral autoregulatory range giving the chance to further study whether the<br />carotid autoregulatory response to adenosine-evoked fall in ABP is compromised by<br />chronic hypoxia or not. A third aim is to investigate whether the role of tonically<br />synthesized nitric oxide (NO) in dilator responses evoked by adenosine in carotid<br />vasculature is different in chronic hypoxic rats. Study Design: the study was done<br />using 2 comparable age groups of adult male Wistar rats; the first were breathing<br />normal 21% O2 (normoxic; N), whereas the second were made chronically hypoxic<br />(CH) by breathing 12% O2 for 3 weeks, while they were growing from 7 to 10 weeks.<br />In anaesthetized rats, the carotid blood flow (CBF) and carotid vascular conductance<br />(CVC) were recorded during a 3 min infusion of adenosine adjusted at a dose aimed<br />at lowering ABP to 60 mm Hg, the lower limit of autoregulatory range before and<br />after a bolus dose of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME (10mg.kg-1).<br />Results: in chronic hypoxic rats, the adenosine-induced fall in ABP was associated<br />with a significant increase in CVC but with no significant increase in CBF in contrast<br />to the significant increase in CBF noticed in N rats. Also, adenosine-evoked increase<br />in baseline CVC was significantly larger in N than in CH rats. Inhibition of nitric<br />oxide synthase produced comparable changes on baseline values in CH as in N rats.<br />In CH rats, L-NAME did not attenuate the increase in CVC evoked by adenosine as it<br />did in N rats. However, after L-NAME, CBF increased in CH rats. Conclusion: From<br />these results, it could be suggested that exposing rats to chronic hypoxia for 3 weeks<br />does not compromise the carotid autoregulatory response to the fall in arterial blood<br />pressure. However, it seems that adenosine does not exert an active vasodilatation in<br />carotid circulation of CH rats as it does in N rats. Further, it seems that the<br />adenosine-evoked increase in CBF in CH rats is largely nitric oxide-independent.
chronic hypoxia,carotid vasculature,Adenosine,Nitric oxide
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36308.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36308_90564e693d8eebb67d33a7c033a9d2ed.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Moderate Hypogonadism Enhances Hippocampal Neurotransmission, Augments Memory and Learning and Modulates Neurogenesis in Adult Male Rats.
213
228
EN
Ahmed
Shehata
Department of Physiology- National Organization for Drug Control and
Research- Giza- Egypt
10.21608/besps.2010.36309
The study aimed to test whether the decrease in testosterone level during aging is the<br />underlying mechanism for the deterioration in memory and cognitive functions. This<br />was achieved through determination of hippocampal neurotransmission by in vivo<br />determination of extracellular dopamine and serotonin in CA1 hippocampal region<br />and brain derived neurotorphic factor (BDNF) synthesis in both normal and<br />unilateral castrated rats (an experimental model for hypogonadism) and 2 and 4 days<br />after single dose of exemestane (5mg/kg, p.o.). In addition, learning and memory<br />processes were determined using Morris water maze. Results showed that unilateral<br />castration resulted in significant decrease in testosterone level, disturbing the<br />testosterone/estradiol ratio and enhanced hippocampal neurotransmission. Besides,<br />these effects were accompanied with an enhanced learning and memory and<br />significant decrease in the level of BDNF expression. Whereas, exemestane treatment<br />increased testosterone level and inhibited DA and 5-HT release, significantly<br />increased BDNF expression and inhibited learning and memory processes in both<br />normal and unilateral castrated groups. The study indicated that moderate<br />hypogonadism has a positive effect on hippocampal neurotransmission, learning and<br />memory due to the imbalance of testosterone/estradiol in favor of estradiol. On the<br />other hand, exemestane effects might be due to imbalance of testosterone/estradiol<br />ratio in favor of testosterone. In addition, it seems that the beneficial effects of<br />physiological levels of testosterone are indirectly due its conversion to estradiol.<br />Moreover, the study indicated that moderate decline in endogenous testosterone in<br />healthy aged individuals is not the underlying mechanism of the age-related<br />deterioration in the cognitive function.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36309.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36309_9889cb51ba0853e4c0af5588c96c6a83.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
Effectiveness of Laser Acupoint Therapy and Exercise Program on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response in Mild Essential Hypertensive Patients
229
244
EN
Hala
Hamed
Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences,
University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed
Al Maghraby
Physical Therapy Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences,
University of Dammam, Saudi Arabia
10.21608/besps.2010.36310
Background and Purpose; Hypertension is associated with enhanced oxidative<br />stress. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been employed as a treatment for a variety<br />of clinical conditions. Regular physical activity lowers blood pressure and enhances<br />endothelial vasodilator function in hypertensive patients. The main purpose of the<br />study was to measure the levels of serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Glutathione<br />peroxidase (GPX) in relation to practicing laser acupuncture therapy and exercise<br />program in mild essential hypertensive patients. Study Type and Design;<br />Interventional, Randomized Control Trial. Subjects and Methods; 45-male patients<br />(40-60 years) with mild essential hypertension were participated in the study.<br />Following baseline measurements, patients were categorized randomly into three<br />homogenous groups; laser therapy, exercise and control. Patients of laser therapy<br />group subjected to a program of laser acupoint therapy to Chinese points for treating<br />hypertension for 4 weeks. Patients of exercise group performed a supervised treadmill<br />exercise program 3 times per week for 4 weeks. Data of pre- and post-intervention<br />measures were collected and statistically analyzed. Results; Comparing postintervention<br />results of laser therapy and control groups, and between exercise and<br />control groups, showed a high statistically significant difference of mean values of<br />MDA, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and pulse rate<br />(PR), while serum GPX, showed nonsignificant (P>0.05) difference. Conclusions;<br />Short-term (4-week) laser therapy and supervised treadmill exercise programs<br />significantly improved MDA level. There was also a significant reduction in SBP and<br />DBP, exhibiting a considerable hypotensive effect. It was found also that laser<br />therapy is more efficient in improving the studied parameters than such improvements<br />documented in exercise program.
Essential hypertension,Oxidative Stress,Malondialdehyde,glutathione peroxidase,Laser Acupoint,Exercise Program
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36310.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36310_700f202444f424bc6fa3ed3bb048bcb7.pdf
Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
1110-0842
2356-9514
30
2
2010
06
01
MAGE-3 And -4 Genes as Possible Markers for Early Detection of Metastases in HCV Egyptian Patients Complicated By HCC
245
254
EN
Yousri
Hussein
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University
Amal
Gharib
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University
Randa
Mohamed
Medical biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University
Mohamed
Radwan
Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University
Wael
Elsawy
Clinical oncology and Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine,
Zagazig University
10.21608/besps.2010.36311
The dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells into the circulation plays<br />a critical role in postoperative recurrence and metastasis. Early detection of<br />metastatic tumor cells is critical to identify HCC patients at high risk of relapse.<br />MAGE-3 and -4 genes were evaluated by reverse transcription polymerase chain<br />reaction for the possibility of using them as new markers for early detection of<br />metastases in 160 HCV Egyptian patients, 115 of them were complicated with HCC.<br />The expression of MAGE-3 and MAGE-4 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with<br />metastatic HCC, were 36 % and 52%, respectively. While the expression of MAGE-3<br />and MAGE-4 mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with localized HCC, were 12 %<br />and 16%, respectively. Moreover at least one type of MAGE-3 or MAGE-4 mRNA<br />was found in the peripheral blood of 68% of the metastatic HCC patients and in 20%<br />of the localized HCC patients. While neither the controls nor the cirrhotic patients<br />show expression of MAGE-4 mRNA in their peripheral blood. MAGE-3 and MAGE-4<br />may be a promising diagnostic tool for monitoring the prognosis of HCC patients and<br />early detection of occult hematogenous metastasis of HCC.
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36311.html
https://besps.journals.ekb.eg/article_36311_1d1f29c0d95f02b0efeb537cc07e6580.pdf