Effect of Chronic Exercise on Irisin Plasma Level and Browning of White Adipose Tissue in Rat Models with Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt

2 Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

3 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt.

Abstract

Objective:  To study the effect of swimming exercise training on plasma irisin level and browning of white adipose tissue in rats models with obesity or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: 60 male rats were divided into 4 groups, I) Control group, II) Exercise trained group, III) Obese group: includes 2 subgroups; subgroup A received high-fat diet and subgroup B received high-fat diet associated with daily exercise training and IV) Type 2 diabetic group: includes 2 subgroups; subgroup A and B. Both subgroups have T2DM. Subgroup B, in addition, was associated with daily exercise training after induction of T2DM. Plasma samples were analyzed for irisin, fasting insulin, fasting blood glucose and lipid profile.Levels of uncoupling protein-1 in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue homogenates (UCP-1 SAT) and uncoupling protein-1 in perinephric adipose tissue homogenates (UCP-1 PAT) were measured.Results: Subgroup IIIA had significantly higher irisin levels and significantly lower levels of UCP-1 SAT and UCP-1 PAT compared with group I.  Subgroup IVA had significantly lower levels of irisin, UCP-1 SAT and UCP-1 PAT compared to controls. Chronic exercise significantly increased irisin, UCP-1 SAT, and UCP-1 PAT levels in group II, subgroup IIIB and subgroup IVB.  Conclusion: Swimming exercise increases the plasma irisin level in normal, obese and type 2 diabetic rats inducing browning of white adipose tissue. Irisin is increased in obesity which may be attributed to a state of irisin resistance. T2DM is associated with lower plasma irisin levels

Keywords

Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences
Volume 38, Issue 1
January 2022
Pages 53-65

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